ASTM_D_4451_-_22.pdf

Designation:D445122Standard Test Method forPigment Content of Paints by Low-Temperature Ashing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4451;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the pigment content of paintsand several traffic marking materials(thermoplastic and pre-formed tape)by low-temperature furnace ashing.Some organicpigments may be lost by this method and some water ormoisture contained in pigments will be lost.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3723 Test Method for Pigment Content of Water-EmulsionPaints by Low-Temperature AshingE180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTMMethods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-cialty Chemicals(Withdrawn 2009)33.Summary of Test Method3.1 The specimen is transferred to a tared porcelain dish,dried(if necessary)at 105 C,and heated on a burner.The dishand specimen are transferred to a muffle furnace and heated at450 C.The dish and specimen are reweighed and the pigment(ash)content calculated.4.Apparatus4.1 Muffle Furnace,maintained at 450 C 6 25 C.4.2 Circulating Oven,maintained at 105 C 6 2 C.4.3 Porcelain Dishes,90 mm diameter.4.4 Plastic Disposable Syringe,10 mL capacity.4.5 Burner,Meker type.5.Reagents5.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.45.2 Toluene.6.Procedure6.1 Liquid-Paint:6.1.1 Mix the sample until homogeneous,preferably on amechanical shaker.If air bubbles become entrapped in thepaint,stir it by hand.6.1.2 Draw slightly more than 10 g of the paint under testinto a 10 mL syringe and weigh to 0.1 mg.Weigh a porcelaindish with a paper clip for use as a stirrer,and record the mass.Transfer about 5 mL of toluene to the dish.Add 10 g of the testmaterial into the toluene.Reweigh the syringe to 0.1 mg andcalculate the specimen weight.Mix well using the paper clip.Place the dish in the oven at 105 C for 30 min.6.1.3 Remove and heat at the lowest temperature possibleover a Meker burner in a fume hood until the material ignites.Do not leave the dish on the burner after the flame hassubsided.Transfer to the muffle furnace and proceed as in 6.4.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved June 1,2022.Published June 2022.Originallyapproved in 1985.Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D4451 02(2021).DOI:10.1520/D4451-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4ACS Reagent Chemicals,Specifications and Procedures for Reagents andStandard-Grade Reference Materials,American Chemical Society,Washington,DC.For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by the American ChemicalSociety,see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals,BDH Ltd.,Poole,Dorset,U.K.,and the United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary,U.S.Pharma-copeial Convention,Inc.(USPC),Rockville,MD.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.16.2 Preformed Traffc Marking TapeCut about a 10 gsquare of the product.Remove the adhesive by pulling it off orby using an