ASTM_D_4393_-_D_4393M_-_10.pdf

Designation:D4393/D4393M 10Standard Test Method forStrap Peel Adhesion of Reinforcing Cords or Fabrics toRubber Compounds1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4393/D4393M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of peeladhesion of reinforcing fabrics that are bonded to rubbercompounds.It is applicable to either woven or parallel cordtextile structures from both natural and manmade fibers and toparallel steel cord structures.1.2 This test method is primarily used to evaluate tire cordsand tire cord fabrics,including steel tire cords,using a suitabletire cord adhesive and a suitable rubber compound.This testmethod may be used to evaluate tire cord adhesives(fabricdip),metallic(usually brass)coatings on steel cord,and theprocess of adhesive reaction on the cord using one consistentform of tire cord or fabric and one consistent rubber com-pound.This test method may be used to evaluate cords andfabrics in industrial hose and belting products and other cord orfabric reinforced rubber products.1.3 Variables that may contribute to differences in results ofthis test method include adhesive type,adhesive applicationprocedure,adhesive cure,fiber type,construction of cords orreinforcing fabrics,rubber type,rubber cure,rubber thickness,and cord spacing.21.3.1 The deleterious effect of ozone in combination withatmospheric moisture on the ability of adhesives to bond withrubber requires assiduous protection of cords prior to rubberembedment.31.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for TextilesD123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2138 Test Methods for Rubber Property-Adhesion to Tex-tile Cord5D2229 Test Method forAdhesion Between Steel Tire Cordsand RubberD6477 Terminology Relating to Tire Cord,Bead Wire,Hose Reinforcing Wire,and Fabrics3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For defintions of terms relating to tire cord,bead wire,hose wire,and tire cord fabrics,refer to Terminology D6477.3.1.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:adhesion,adhesion,in tire fabrics,chafer fabric,curing,fabricdip,holland cloth,rubber,rubber compound,as used in themanufacture of rubber articles,rubberize,steel cord,steelfilament,stitch,in making rubberized articles,straightness,insteel cord,tack,for rubber or rubber compounds,tire cord,tirecord fabric,vulcanization,weftless fabric.3.1.2 For definitions of terms related to rubber,refer toTerminology D1566.3.1.3 For definitions of terms related to textiles,refer toTerminology D123.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Strap Peel Adhesion From Single CordTwo pieces ofweftless fabric of sufficient size to cover the curing mold cavityare generated on a rotatable drum(Fig.1).These two fabricsare laid one against the other,with cords in the same direction,to form the pad(Fig.2).This pad has a nonstick fabric,such asholland cloth,separating the two fabric layers at one end for a1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cord and Fabrics.Current edition approved Jan.1,2010.Published January 2010.Originallyapproved in 1985.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4393 04.DOI:10.1520/D4393-04.2Iyengar,Y.,“Adhesion Behavior of Nylon Tire Cord/Adhesive/Rubber Sys-tems,”Journal of Applied Polymer Science,Vol 13,1969,pp.353363.3Wenghoefer,H.M.,“Environmental Effects on RFL Adhesion,”RubberChemistry and Technology,Vol 47,No.5,December 1974,pp.10661073.4For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5Discontinued 1990Replaced by D4776,D4777.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.Copyright ASTM International Provided by IHS under license with ASTM Licensee=University of Nebraska/5967164006 Not for Resale,04/24/2012 16:25:20 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license