ASTM_D_4355_-_D_4355M_-_21.pdf

Designation:D4355/D4355M21Standard Test Method forDeterioration of Geotextiles by Exposure to Light,Moisture,and Heat in a Xenon Arc-Type Apparatus1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4355/D4355M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dete-rioration in tensile strength of geotextiles by exposure to xenonarc radiation,moisture,and heat.1.2 The light and water exposure apparatus employs axenon arc light source.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics(Withdrawn 1998)3D4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics(Strip Method)D6637/D6637M Test Method for Determining Tensile Prop-erties of Geogrids by the Single or Multi-Rib TensileMethodD6818 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Rolled ErosionControl ProductsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodG113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weath-ering Tests of Nonmetallic MaterialsG141 Guide for Addressing Variability in Exposure Testingof Nonmetallic MaterialsG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials inAccel-erated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus forExposure of Non-Metallic Materials3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 geotextileany permeable textile material used withfoundation,soil,rock,earth,or any other geotechnicalengineering-related material that is an integral part of aman-made product,structure,or system.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 For definitions of other textile terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology D123;for geotextile terms,referto Terminology D4439.3.2.2 The definitions given in Terminology G113 are appli-cable to this standard.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Five specimens of a geotextile for the machine directionand for the cross-machine direction are exposed in a xenon arcdevice for each of the following times:0(control specimens),150,300,and 500 h.The exposure consists of 120-min cyclesas follows:90 min of light only at 65 6 3 C uninsulated blackpanel temperature and 50 6 10%relative humidity,followedby 30 min of light plus water spray.(See Note 8.)4.2 After each exposure period,the specimens are subjectedto a cut or ravel strip tensile test.The average breaking strength1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endur-ance Properties.Current edition approved Feb.1,2021.Published March 2021.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D4355/D4355M 14(2018).DOI:10.1520/D4355_D4355M-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1in each direction is compared with the average breakingstrength in each direction of the control specimens.The percentstrength retained is plotted versus exposure period to producea degradation cur