ASTM_D_4158_-_08_2016.pdf

Designation:D415808(Reapproved 2016)Standard Guide forAbrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Uniform Abrasion)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4158;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers the determination of the resistance toabrasion of a wide range of textile materials using the uniformabrasion testing instrument.Fabrics of all types includingcarpets,garments and nonwovens may be tested under thismethod.NOTE1Other procedures for measuring the abrasion resistance oftextile fabrics are given in:Test Methods D3884,D3885,D3886,D4157,D4966,and AATCC Test Method 93.1.1.1 Provisions are provided for testing specimens in dryand wet conditions.Four options for evaluation are included:Option 1Fabric RuptureOption 2Mass LossOption 3Thickness LossOption 4Breaking Strength Loss1.1.2 Provision is provided for testing specimens in the wetstate.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as the standard.Within the text,the inch-pound units are shown in parentheses.The valuesstated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other.Combin-ing values from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the specification.1.3 This guide does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD3884 Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Rotary Platform,Double-Head Method)D3885 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Flexing and Abrasion Method)D3886 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Inflated Diaphragm Apparatus)D4157 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Oscillatory Cylinder Method)D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric TestMethodsD4966 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics(Strip Method)2.2 Other Documents:AATCC Test Method 93 Abrasion Resistance of Fabrics:Accelerator Method33.Terminology3.1 For all terms relating to D13.60,Fabric Test Methods,Specific,refer to Terminology D4850.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:abrasion,abrasion cycle,rotation.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles,see Termi-nology D123.4.Summary of Test4.1 A specimen is mounted in a holder and abraded uni-formly in all directions in the plane and about every point ofthe surface of the specimen.The settings of the instrument,method of mounting specimens,conditions of test(conditionedor wet),and criteria to be used in evaluating abrasive wear inthe test,depend upon the nature of the specimen to be testedand the use to be made of the test results.Abrasion resistancefor wear is evaluated by one or more conditions of destruction,a defined surface damage,loss in the mass,strength orthickness of test specimens,or by increased weakness in the1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods,Specific.Current edition approved July 1,2016.Published July 2016.Originally approvedin 1982.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4158 08(2012).DOI:10.1520/D4158-08R16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC),P.O.Box 12215,Research Triangle Park,NC 27709,http:/www.aatcc.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 sample as shown by a subsequent test by another method,depending on the material or its intended use.5.Significance and Use5.1 The resistance to abrasion of textile materials is affectedby many factors in a complex manner.The results obtainedfrom the use of this instrument assist in evaluating these factorsrelative to the wear serviceability of the final textile product inspecific end uses.The resistance to abrasion is affected bymany factors that include the inherent mechanical properties ofthe fibers;the dimensions of the fibers;the structure of theyarns;the construction of the fabrics;the type,kind,