ASTM_D_4308_-_13.pdf

Designation:D430813An American National StandardStandard Test Method forElectrical Conductivity of Liquid Hydrocarbons by PrecisionMeter1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4308;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers and applies to the determinationof the“rest”electrical conductivity of aviation fuels and othersimilar low-conductivity hydrocarbon liquids in the range from0.1 to 2000 pS/m(see 3.1.2).This test method can be used inthe laboratory or in the field.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 WARNINGMercury has been designated by manyregulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system,kidney and liver damage.Mercury,orits vapor,may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials.Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury containing products.See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)for details and EPAswebsitehttp:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor addi-tional information.Users should be aware that selling mercuryand/or mercury containing products into your state or countrymay be prohibited by law.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specificwarning statements,see 7.1.1,7.2,8.3,and Annex A1.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permit-tivity(Dielectric Constant)of Solid Electrical InsulationD2624 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviationand Distillate FuelsD4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers forTests Affected by Trace ContaminationE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 picosiemens per metre,nthe unit of electrical con-ductivity is also called a conductivity unit(CU).A siemen isthe SI definition of reciprocal ohm sometimes called mho.1 pS/m 5 1 31021221m215 1 cu5 1 picomho/m(1)3.1.2 rest conductivity,nthe reciprocal of the resistance ofuncharged fuel in the absence of ionic depletion or polariza-tion.It is the electrical conductivity at the initial instant ofcurrent measurement after a dc voltage is impressed betweenelectrodes.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A sample of liquid hydrocarbon is introduced into aclean conductivity cell which is connected in series to a batteryvoltage source and a sensitive dc ammeter.The conductivity,automatically calculated from the observed peak current read-ing dc voltage and cell constant using Ohms law,appears as adigital value in either a manual or automatic mode of meteroperation.5.Significance and Use5.1 The generation and dissipation of electrostatic charge infuel due to handling depend largely on the ionic species presentwhich may be characterized by the rest or equilibrium electri-cal conductivity.The time for static charge to dissipate isinversely related to conductivity.This test method can supple-ment Test Method D2624 which is limited to fuels containingstatic dissipator additive.NOTE1For low-conductivity fluids below 1 pS/m in conductivity,anac measurement technique is preferable to a dc test method for sensing theelectrical conductivity of bulk fluid.This dc test method can be used atconductivities from 0.1 to 1 pS/m if precautions are observed in cellcleaning and sample handling.Awaiting period of 15 min is required after1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.J0.04 on Additives and Electrical Properties.Current edition approved June 15,2013.Published July 2013.Originallyapproved in 1983.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4308 12.DOI:10.1520/D4308-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 filling the cell before measuring dc conductivities below 1 pS/m.Asingle-laboratory program was conducted comparing this test method withac Test Methods D150.36.Apparatus6.1 Conductivity ApparatusComponents of the dc con-ductivity apparatus are shown in Fig.1.4,56.1.1 The conductiv