ASTM_D_4177_-_15a.pdf

Designation:D417715aManual of Petroleum Measurement Standards(MPMS),Chapter 8.2Standard Practice forAutomatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4177;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThe previous version of the automatic sampling practice described the design,installation,testing,and operation of automated equipment for the extraction of representative samples from the flowingstream and storing mainly for crude oil.This practice is a performance-based standard.It still includes the design,installation,testing,andoperation of automated equipment for extraction of representative samples.It also includes the testingand proving of a sampling system in the field under actual operating conditions to ensure that theequipment,installation,and operating procedures produce representative samples.The acceptancecriteria for custody transfer are covered in this practice.This practice does not address how to samplecrude at temperatures below the freezing point of water.Extensive revisions have been made to theprior version of D4177(API MPMS Chapter 8.2).This practice also provides guidance for periodic verification of the sampling system.This practice is separated into three parts:GeneralSections 5 17(Part I)are currently applicable to crude oil and refined products.Reviewthis section before designing or installing any automatic sampling system.Crude Oil SamplingSection 18(Part II)contains additional information required to complete thedesign,testing,and monitoring of a crude oil sampling system.Refined Product SamplingSection 19(Part III)contains additional information required tocomplete the design of a refined product sampling system.A representative sample is“A portion extracted from the total volume that contains the constituentsin the same proportions that are present in that total volume.”Representative samples are required forthe determination of chemical and physical properties that are used to establish standard volumes,prices,and compliance with commercial and regulatory specifications.The process of obtaining a representative sample consists of the following:the physical equipment,the correct matching of that equipment to the application,the adherence to procedures by theoperator(s)of that equipment,and the proper handling and analysis.1.Scope*1.1 This practice describes general procedures and equip-ment for automatically obtaining samples of liquid petroleumand petroleum products,crude oils,and intermediate productsfrom the sample point into the primary container.This practicealso provides additional specific information about samplecontainer selection,preparation,and sample handling.If sam-pling is for the precise determination of volatility,use PracticeD5842(API MPMS Chapter 8.4)in conjunction with thispractice.For sample mixing and handling,refer to PracticeD5854(API MPMS Chapter 8.3).This practice does not coversampling of electrical insulating oils and hydraulic fluids.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and the API Committee on PetroleumMeasurement,and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02/COMQ thejoint ASTM-API Committee on Hydrocarbon Measurement for Custody Transfer(Joint ASTM-API).This practice has been approved by the sponsoring committeesand accepted by the Cooperating Societies in accordance with established proce-dures.This practice was issued as a joint ASTM-API standard in 1982.Current edition approved Oct.1,2015.Published November 2015.Originallyapproved in 1982.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D4177 15.DOI:10.1520/D4177-15A.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 1.2 Table of Contents:SectionINTRODUCTIONScope1Referenced Documents2Terminology3Significance and Use4PART IGENERALRepresentative Sampling Components5Design Criteria6Automatic Sampling Systems7Sampling Location8Mixing of the Flowing Stream9Proportionality10Sample Extractor Grab Volume11Containers12Sample Handling and Mixing13Control Systems14Sample System Security15System Proving(Performance Acceptance Tests)16Performance Monitoring17PART IICRUDE OILCrude Oil18PART IIIREFINED PRODUCTSRefined Products19KEYWORDSKeywords20ANNEXESCalculations of the Margin of Error based on Number ofSample GrabsAnnex A1Theoretical Calculations for Selecting the Sampler ProbeLocationAnnex A2Performance Criteria for Portable Sampling UnitsAnnex A3Profile Performance TestAnnex A4Sampler Acceptance Test DataAnnex A5