ASTM_D_3934_-_14.pdf

Designation:D393414Standard Test Method forFlash/No Flash TestEquilibrium Method by a Closed-CupApparatus1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3934;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONASTM Flash Point Test Methods D56,D93,D3278,and D3941 are specified by governmentdepartments and agencies for determining whether liquids are flammable or combustible.Theseclassifications are used as the basis for regulating the handling and shipping of liquids.ISO/TC 35,Paints and Varnishes,and ISO/TC 28,Petroleum and Related Products,have issued ISO1516 as a common standard,applicable to paints,varnishes,petroleum,and related products.Thismethod is similar to ISO 1516 but uses standard ASTM cups and style and format.Test MethodsD3278 and D3828 operate on the equilibrium principle by using the Setaflash tester that has atemperature-control device.This test method does not determine the finite flash point but whether or not flashing occurs at asingle specified temperature.The latter determination is made more accurate by ensuring that the testis carried out only when the material under test and the air/vapor mixture above it are in approximateequilibrium at the specified temperature.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of whether aliquid complies with the closed-cup flash point requirements ingovernment regulations,or in specifications,or as agreedbetween the purchaser and the seller.1.2 This test method is limited to a temperature rangebetween 0 and 110C(32 and 230F).1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 WarningMercury has been designated by many regu-latory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause centralnervous system,kidney and liver damage.Mercury,or itsvapor,may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercurycontaining products.See the applicable product Safety DataSheet(SDS)for details and EPAs website,http:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm,for additional information.Users should beaware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing prod-ucts into your state or country may be prohibited by law.1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describethe properties of materials,products,or assemblies in responseto heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions andshould not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard orfire risk of materials,products,or assemblies under actual fireconditions.However,results of this test may be used aselements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account allof the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the firehazard of a particular end use.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup TesterD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup Tester1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofASTM Subcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved Dec.15,2014.Published January 2015.Originallyapproved in 1982.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3934 90(2007).DOI:10.1520/D3934-14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 D3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by SmallScale Closed-Cup ApparatusD3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale ClosedCup TesterD3941 Test Method for Flash Point by the EquilibriumMethod With a Closed-Cup ApparatusE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE1137 Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Ther-mometersE2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-eters with Low-Hazard Precision LiquidsE2877 Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers2.2 ISO Standard:ISO1516 Paints,varnishes,petroleum,andrelatedproductsFlash/no-flash testClosed cup equilibriummethod33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 flash point,nthe lowest tempe