ASTM_D_3921_-_96_2003e1.pdf

Designation:D 3921 96(Reapproved 2003)e1An American National StandardStandard Test Method forOil and Grease and Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Water1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3921;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.e1NOTEEditorial changes were made throughout in January 2003.1.Scope1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoffluorocarbon-extractable substances as an estimation of thecombined oil and grease and the petroleum hydrocarboncontents of a sample of water or waste water in the range from0.5 to 100 mg/L.It is the users responsibility to assume thevalidity of the standard for untested types of water.1.2 This test method defines oil and grease in water andwaste water as that matter which is extractable in the testmethod and measured by infrared absorption.Similarly,thistest method defines petroleum hydrocarbons in water and wastewater as that oil and grease which is not adsorbed by silica gelin the test method and that is measured by infrared absorption.1.3 Low-boiling organic materials are lost by evaporationduring the manipulative transfers.However,these evaporativelosses are generally much lower than those experienced withgravimetric procedures that require solvent evaporation beforethe residue is weighed.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water2D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water2D 2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Methods of Committee D19 on Water2D 3325 Practice for Preservation of Waterborne OilSamples3D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Con-duits2D 3856 Guide for Good Laboratory Practices in Laborato-ries Engaged in Sampling and Analysis of Water2D 5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specificationsfor Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis3E 168 Practices for General Techniques of Infrared Quan-titative Analysis43.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology D 1129 and Practices E 168.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 oil and greasethe organic matter extracted fromwater or waste water and measured by this test method.3.2.2 petroleum hydrocarbonsthe oil and grease remain-ing in solution after contact with silica gel and measured bythis test method.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The acidified sample of water or waste water is ex-tracted serially with three 30-mLvolumes of 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane(referred to in this test method as sol-vent).5The extract is diluted to 100 mL and a portion isexamined by infrared spectroscopy6to measure the amount ofoil and grease removed from the original sample.A majorportion of the remaining extract is contacted with silica gel toremove polar substances,thereby providing a solution ofpetroleum hydrocarbons.This treated extract is then similarlyexamined by infrared spectroscopy.5.Significance and Use5.1 The presence of oil and grease in domestic and indus-trial waste water is of concern to the public because of itsdeleterious aesthetic effect and its impact on aquatic life.Regulations and standards have been established that requiremonitoring of oil and grease in water and waste water.This test1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Waterand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods forAnalysis forOrganic Substances in Water.Current edition approved Jan.10,2003.Published January 2003.Originallyapproved in 1980.Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D 3921 96.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 11.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 11.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 03.06.5Gruenfeld,M.,“Extraction of Dispersed Oils from Water for QuantitativeAnalysis by Infrared Spectrophotometry,”Environmental Science and Technology,Vol 7,1973,pp.636639.6Consult the manufacturers operation manual for the specific instructionsrelated to the infrared spectrometer or analyzer to be used.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.method provides an analytical procedure to measure oil andgrease in water and waste water.6.Interferences6.1 Since the constituents oil and grease and petroleumhydrocarbons are defined as the results of the test procedure,interferences are precluded by definition.Interpretation of testresults on the basis of chemical structure,p