ASTM_D_445_-_15.pdf

Designation:D44515British Standard 2000:Part 71:Section 1:1996Designation:71 Section 1/97Standard Test Method forKinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D445;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method specifies a procedure for the determi-nation of the kinematic viscosity,of liquid petroleumproducts,both transparent and opaque,by measuring the timefor a volume of liquid to flow under gravity through acalibrated glass capillary viscometer.The dynamic viscosity,can be obtained by multiplying the kinematic viscosity,bythe density,of the liquid.NOTE1For the measurement of the kinematic viscosity and viscosityof bitumens,see also Test Methods D2170 and D2171.NOTE2ISO 3104 corresponds to Test Method D445 03.1.2 The result obtained from this test method is dependentupon the behavior of the sample and is intended for applicationto liquids for which primarily the shear stress and shear ratesare proportional(Newtonian flow behavior).If,however,theviscosity varies significantly with the rate of shear,differentresults may be obtained from viscometers of different capillarydiameters.The procedure and precision values for residual fueloils,which under some conditions exhibit non-Newtonianbehavior,have been included.1.3 The range of kinematic viscosities covered by this testmethod is from 0.2 mm2/s to 300 000 mm2/s(see Table A1.1)at all temperatures(see 6.3 and 6.4).The precision has onlybeen determined for those materials,kinematic viscosityranges and temperatures as shown in the footnotes to theprecision section.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The SI unit used in this test method for kinematicviscosity is mm2/s,and the SI unit used in this test method fordynamic viscosity is mPas.For user reference,1 mm2/s=10-6m2/s=1 cSt and 1 mPas=1 cP=0.001 Pas.1.5 WARNINGMercury has been designated by manyregulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system,kidney and liver damage.Mercury,orits vapor,may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials.Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury containing products.See the applicable product Ma-terial Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)for details and EPAswebsitehttp:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor addi-tional information.Users should be aware that selling mercuryand/or mercury containing products into your state or countrymay be prohibited by law.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D446 Specifications and Operating Instructions for GlassCapillary Kinematic ViscometersD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1217 Test Method for Density and Relative Density(Spe-cific Gravity)of Liquids by Bingham PycnometerD1480 Test Method for Density and Relative Density(Spe-cific Gravity)of Viscous Materials by Bingham Pycnom-eterD1481 Test Method for Density and Relative Density(Spe-cific Gravity)of Viscous Materials by Lipkin BicapillaryPycnometerD2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometersand Viscosity Oil StandardsD2170 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts(Bitumens)1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.Current edition approved Feb.1,2015.Published March 2015.Originallyapproved in 1937.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D445 14a.DOI:10.1520/D0445-15.In the IP,this test method is under the jurisdiction of the StandardizationCommittee.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 D2171 Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by VacuumCapillary ViscometerD6071 Test Method for Low Level Sodium in High PurityWater by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectros-copyD6074 Guide for Characterizing Hydrocarbon LubricantBase OilsD6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate AnalyticalMeasurement System PerformanceD6300