ASTM_D_4685_-_D_4685M_-_15.pdf

Designation:D4685/D4685M15Standard Test Method forPile Fabric Abrasion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4685/D4685M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abra-sion of pile fabrics when the loss of pile tuffs occur,sometimescalled pile retention or pile pull out.It includes two procedures:1.1.1 Procedure AThe“Heavy Duty”procedure describesthe test option for fabrics over 240 g/m2(7 oz/yd2)or fabricswhich should meet heavy duty end-use conditions of wear.1.1.2 Procedure BThe“Light Duty”procedure describesthe test option for fabrics under 240 g/m2(7 oz/yd2)or fabricswhich should meet light duty end-use conditions of wear.1.2 The test method is intended for both regular,riblesswoven corduroy or other woven pile fabric constructions.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials,operations,and equipment.This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with itsuse.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2724 Test Methods for Bonded,Fused,and LaminatedApparel FabricsD3884 Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Rotary Platform,Double-Head Method)D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric TestMethodsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 ASTM Adjunct:3Photographic Scale for Pile Retention2.3 AATCC Method:4TM 135 Dimensional Changes of Fabrics after Home Laun-dering3.Terminology3.1 For all terminology related to D13.59 on Fabric TestMethods,General,see Terminology D4850.3.2 The following terms are relevant to this standard:abrasion,corduroy,pile fabric,pile retention,velveteen.3.3 For definitions of all other textile terms see TerminologyD123.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Test specimens are exposed to a specified number ofabrasion cycles on face and back separately and then evaluatedby viewing the specimen over a light box and comparing tophotographic standards.The method measures only the amountof pile pulled out of the base fabric structure and not thesurface pile appearance attributes,such as crushed or flattenribs.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for qualitycontrol testing and commercial shipment acceptance.5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences inreported test results when using this test method,the purchaserand the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determineif there is a statistical bias between their laboratories.Compe-tent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigationof bias.As a minimum,the two parties should take test1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,General.Current edition approved Aug.1,2015.Published September 2015.Originallyapproved in 1987.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D4685 07(2011)1.DOI:10.1520/D4685_D4685M-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3A set of six photographic standards for pile retention of corduroy fabrics isavailable from ASTM International Headquarters.Order Adjunct No.ADJ4685.4Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC),P.O.Box 12215,Research Triangle Park,NC 27709,http:/www.aatcc.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 specimens that are from the lot of material of the type inquestion.The test specimens should then be randomly assignedin equal numbers to each laboratory for testing.The averageresults from the two laboratories should be compared usingstudents t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probabilitylevel chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun.Ifa bias is found,either its cause must be found and corrected orthe purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret futuretest