Designation:D459−16StandardTerminologyRelatingtoSoapsandOtherDetergents1,2ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD459;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thisterminologycoverssoapsandotherdetergents.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:3D460TestMethodsforSamplingandChemicalAnalysisofSoapsandSoapProductsD820TestMethodsforChemicalAnalysisofSoapsCon-tainingSyntheticDetergentsD2330TestMethodforMethyleneBlueActiveSubstances(Withdrawn2011)4D2667TestMethodforBiodegradabilityofAlkylbenzeneSulfonates(Withdrawn2013)4D2960GuideforControlledLaunderingTestUsingNatu-rallySoiledFabricsandHouseholdAppliances(With-drawn2013)4D4265GuideforEvaluatingStainRemovalPerformanceinHomeLaunderingD5548GuideforEvaluatingColorTransferorColorLossofDyedFabricsinLaundering(NotSuitableforDetergentorWashingMachineRankings)3.TermsandDefinitionsABS—anabbreviationforalkylbenzenesulfonate.Althoughstrictlyspeakingthismightapplytoanysuchcompound,presentpracticeistouseitforthosecontainingbranchedchains.(SeeLAS).acid-washcolor—thecolordevelopedintheseparatedacidwhenasampleofdetergentalkylateisagitatedwithsulfuricacidundertheconditionsprescribedbythemethod.activeingredientofasyntheticdetergent—theorganicsurface-activematerialpresentinthedetergent.activeoxygen—incleaningcompounds,theoxidizingpowerofoxygenpresentasperoxideorotheractiveoxygen-containingmoietiesinsolutionexpressedasoxygen(equiva-lentweight8.00).alkalinedetergent—underdetergent,seeinorganicalkalinedetergent.alkylbenzenesulfonate(inthecontextofsoapsanddetergents)—thedetergentproducedbysulfonatingdeter-gentalkylate;anysurface-activesubstancehavingthemo-lecularstructureofabenzenesulfonicacidhavingasaringsubstituent(s)analkylgroup(s)sufficientlylargetoconferdetergentproperties.ampholyticsurfactantoramphoteric...
