ASTM_D_4188_-_13.pdf

Designation:D418813Standard Practice forPerforming Pressure In-Line Coagulation-Flocculation-Filtration Test in Water1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4188;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This practice covers the procedure used to performpressure in-line coagulation-flocculation-filtration of water andwaste water.It is applicable to water and waste water withrelatively low suspended solids(30 mg/L).The practice isapplicable for any size filter greater than 100 mm(4 in.)indiameter.1.2 This practice can be used to determine the effectivenessof flocculants or coagulants,or both,and filter medium(a)inremoving suspended and colloidal material from water andwaste water.1.3 Intervalbetweenfilterbackwashing,backwashrequirements,rinse requirements,and effect of filtration rate oneffluent quality can also be obtained with this practice.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values listed in parenthesis are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD2035 Practice for Coagulation-Flocculation Jar Test ofWaterD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD4189 Test Method for Silt Density Index(SDI)of WaterD6698 Test Method for On-Line Measurement of TurbidityBelow 5 NTU in WaterD6855 Test Method for Determination of Turbidity Below 5NTU in Static ModeD7315 Test Method for Determination of Turbidity Above 1Turbidity Unit(TU)in Static Mode3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:For definitions of terms used in thispractice,refer to Definitions D1129.4.Summary of Practice4.1 A flocculant or coagulant,or both,is added to apressurized flowing water or waste water stream,and the flocthat forms is removed,using a filter medium(a).4.2 The effectiveness of the system in removing suspendedand colloidal matter is determined by monitoring the quality ofthe filter effluent.4.3 A holding tank for floc formation or floc growth isoptional.4.4 The practice also provides information on intervalbetween filter backwashing,backwash requirements,rinserequirements and effect of filtration rate on effluent quality.5.Significance and Use5.1 Pressure in-line coagulation-flocculation followed byfiltration is an effective process to remove suspended andcolloidal matter from water and waste water.5.2 The effectiveness of this process is dependent on thetype and concentration of the flocculant or coagulant,or both,the pH,the temperature,the filtration medium(a),and thefiltration rate.This practice permits the evaluation of thesevarious parameters.5.3 This practice can also be used to determine filterbackwash and rinse requirements.5.4 The results obtained from this practice can be used forplant design of large systems.6.Apparatus6.1 Installation:1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water andWater-Formed Deposits,Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use,On-Line Water Analysis,and Surveillance of Water.Current edition approved Jan.1,2013.Published February 2013.Originallyapproved in 1982.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4188 08.DOI:10.1520/D4188-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.1.1 To prevent contamination by corrosion products,usestainless steel,plastic,or coated(rubber or epoxy-lined)steelfor all wetted parts.6.1.2 Take care to ensure that no contamination will occurfrom oil films on new metal piping,release agents on rawplastic components,or from solutions previously used in thesystem.Thoroughly clean or degrease,or both,any materialsthat are suspect.6.1.3 Design all pressurized components based on themanufacturers working pressure rating.Review the manufac-turers rating for compliance with standard engineering prac-tice.6.1.4 Assemble the system as shown in Fig.1.The holdingtank just preceding the filter is optional.Use a manual flowcontrol valve to regulate the filter effluent flow.NOTE1Since the filter is intended to be operated at constant flow withdifferential pressure changes across the filter,manual