ASTM_D_4977_-_D_4977M_-_20.pdf

Designation:D4977/D4977M20Standard Test Method forGranule Adhesion to Mineral-Surfaced Roofing by Abrasion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4977/D4977M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of granuleadhesion to mineral-surfaced roofing due to abrasion.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Summary of Test Method2.1 A brush with bristles is used to abrade the granulesurface of the specimen on mineral-surfaced roofing.Theadhesion is assessed by weighing the amount of granules thatare displaced and become loose as a result of the abrasion test.3.Significance and Use3.1 This test method is used to determine the quality ofadhesion of the granular surfacing to the coating asphalt in asample of mineral-surfaced roofing.The results determinecompliance with the applicable specification requirements orfor comparative analysis.This test method applies to“asmanufactured”material and may not be applicable to materialthat has had weathering exposure.4.Apparatus4.1 Granule Adhesion Test Apparatus2A machine de-signed to cycle a test brush back and forth horizontally acrossa specimen at a rate of 50 cycles for 60 to 70 s.The brushassembly rests on the specimen with a downward mass of 22686 7 g 5 lb 614oz;the stroke length is 152 6 6 mm 6 614in.A typical machine is shown in Fig.1.4.2 Abrasion Test Brush3A brush with 22 holes contain-ing bristles made of 0.305-mm 0.012-in.diameter temperedsteel wire,40 wires per hole,set with epoxy.The design of thebrush is shown in Fig.2.4.3 Balance Minimums,200 g capacity with 0.01 g sensi-tivity.5.Test Specimens5.1 Cut a minimum of two 50.8 by 229-mm 2 by 9-in.specimens with the long dimension in the machine direction.For shingles whose geometry does not allow a continuous 50.8by 229-mm 2 by 9-in.specimen,two-piece specimens arepermitted.The minimum machine-direction dimension of anygiven piece is 101.6 mm 4 614in.It is permitted to join thetwo pieces with self-stick tape applied to the nongranulatedsurfaces.NOTE1The test result shall be discarded if the specimen fails toremain flat or the two pieces become separated during the 50 completeabrasion cycles.5.2 Condition specimens at room temperature 23 6 2 C73.4 6 3.6 F for 30 min before testing.In case of dispute,condition specimen for 24 h in a desiccator.6.Preparation of Apparatus6.1 Insert the brush in the holder with the 38.1-mm 112-in.side parallel to the stroke line.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on SteepRoofing Products and Assemblies.Current edition approved May 1,2020.Published June 2020.Originallyapproved in 1989.Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D4977/D4977M 03(2019).DOI:10.1520/D4977_D4977M-20.2The sole source of supply of the apparatus(3M Granule Embedding TestMachine and Abrasion Test Brushes)known to the committee at this time is C.G.Hill&Sons,5150 Quincy Street,Mounds View,MN 55112;phone:763-783-9055;.If you are aware of alternative suppliers,please provide thisinformation to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.3Use the brush specified by the test machine manufacturer.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.6.2 Before using a new brush,run it a minimum of 150cycles on scrap mineral-surfaced roofing to condition thebrush