ASTM_D_4626_-_95_2015.pdf

Designation:D462695(Reapproved 2015)Designation:378/87Standard Practice forCalculation of Gas Chromatographic Response Factors1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4626;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers a procedure for calculating gaschromatographic response factors.It is applicable to chromato-graphic data obtained from a gaseous mixture or from anymixture of compounds that is normally liquid at room tempera-ture and pressure or solids,or both,that will form a solutionwith liquids.It is not intended to be applied to those com-pounds that react in the chromatograph or are not quantitativelyeluted.Normal C6through C11paraffins have been chosen asmodel compounds for demonstration purposes.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2268 Test Method for Analysis of High-Purity n-Heptaneand Isooctane by Capillary Gas ChromatographyD2427 Test Method for Determination of C2through C5Hydrocarbons in Gasolines by Gas ChromatographyD2804 Test Method for Purity of Methyl Ethyl Ketone ByGas ChromatographyD2998 Test Method for Polyhydric Alcohols in Alkyd Res-ins(Withdrawn 2004)3D3329 Test Method for Purity of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone byGas ChromatographyD3362 Test Method for Purity of Acrylate Esters by GasChromatography(Withdrawn 2011)3D3465 Test Method for Purity of Monomeric Plasticizers byGas ChromatographyD3545 Test Method for Alcohol Content and Purity ofAcetate Esters by Gas ChromatographyD3695 Test Method for Volatile Alcohols in Water by DirectAqueous-Injection Gas ChromatographyD4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use asAnalytical StandardsE260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 response factor(R)a constant of proportionalityused to convert the observed chromatographic response ofspecific compounds to either mass or volume percent compo-sition.The observed response may be measured as peak areasor peak heights.Depending on the calculation formula,theresponse factor(R)is applied by either multiplying or dividingthe observed response by the determined factor.3.1.2 In this practice,the response factors determined aremultiplying factors.4.Summary of Practice44.1 Individual C6to C11n-paraffins are precisely weighedand combined in an inert,tight-sealing glass vial.Differentconcentration levels of the blend components to cover concen-tration ranges of interest may be obtained by dilution with asuitable solvent.As diluent,a n-paraffin,such as n-dodecane,that is,higher boiling than the blend components is suitable.The quantitative blends are analyzed,in duplicate,by gaschromatography using either thermal conductivity,flame-ionization or other forms of detection.From the mass orvolume composition of the blend and the raw area or peakheight measurements,mass or volume response or relativeresponse factors for each blend component are calculated.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.Current edition approved April 1,2015.Published June 2015.Originallyapproved in 1986.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4626 95(2010).DOI:10.1520/D4626-95R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1200.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Significance and Use5.1 ASTM standard gas chromatographic methods for theanalysis of petroleum products require calibration of the gaschromatographic system by preparation and analysis of speci-fied reference mixtures.Frequently,minimal information isgiven in these methods on the practice of calculating calibra-tion or response factors.Test Methods D2268,D2427,D2804,D2998,D3329,D3362,D3465,D3545,and D3695 are ex-amples.The present practice helps to fill this void by providinga detail