ASTM_D_5217_-_91_2009.pdf

Designation:D521791(Reapproved 2009)Standard Guide forDetection of Fouling and Degradation of Particulate IonExchange Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5217;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide presents a series of tests and evaluationsintended to detect fouling and degradation of particulate ionexchange materials.Suggestions on reducing fouling and oncleaning resins are given.1.2 This guide is to be used only as an aid in the evaluationof particulate ion exchange material performance and does notpurport to address all possible causes of unsatisfactory perfor-mance.The evaluations of mechanical and operational prob-lems are not addressed.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1782 Test Methods for Operating Performance of Particu-late Cation-Exchange MaterialsD2187 Test Methods for Physical and Chemical Propertiesof Particulate Ion-Exchange ResinsD2332 Practice for Analysis of Water-Formed Deposits byWavelength-Dispersive X-Ray FluorescenceD2687 Practices for Sampling Particulate Ion-Exchange Ma-terialsD3087 Test Method for Operating Performance of Anion-Exchange Materials for Strong Acid RemovalD3375 Test Method for Column Capacity of ParticulateMixed Bed IonExchange MaterialsD3682 Test Method for Major and Minor Elements inCombustion Residues from Coal Utilization ProcessesD3683 Test Method for Trace Elements in Coal and CokeAsh by Atomic AbsorptionD5042 Test Method for Estimating the Organic Fouling ofParticulate Anion Exchange ResinsE830 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample ofRefuse-Derived Fuel(Withdrawn 2011)33.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this guide,refer to Terminology D1129.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 organic foulingthe buildup of organic material in oron anion exchange resins by sorption during the service cycleand incomplete removal during normal regeneration.4.Significance and Use4.1 Resins used in demineralization systems may deterioratedue to many factors including chemical attack,fouling byorganic and inorganic materials,mishandling,or the effects ofaging.Detection of degradation or fouling may be important indetermining the cause of poor demineralizer performance.5.Sampling5.1 Follow the recommendations of Practices D2687 forobtaining samples of particulate ion exchange materials.Coresamples are important for obtaining representative samples;however,special problems may dictate other sampling require-ments,such as surface,interface,or other samples.6.Preliminary Examination6.1 Examine the sample visually or with the aid of amagnifier for any abnormalities.Note any unusual color,precipitates,biological material(slime),particulate matter,orsmall pieces or fragments of resin.Note that the color of resinmay vary from lot to lot or with normal use and would not beconsidered unusual.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and isthe direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion ExchangeMaterials.Current edition approved May 1,2009.Published June 2009.Originallyapproved in 1991.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D5217 91(2004).DOI:10.1520/D5217-91R09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.2 Note any peculiar odor associated with the sample,suchas from oil,solvents,or biological activity.7.Moisture and Particule Size Distribution7.1 Follow procedures given in Test Methods D2187,Meth-ods A,B,and D for determining moisture(water retentioncapacity)and particle size distribution.7.2 Compare the values obtained in 7.1 to those expected forthe resin when in good condition.It is preferred that new resin,treated in the same way,be used for this comparison,butmanufacturers specifications can also be used.8.Mixed-Bed Resin Separation8.1 Observe resin during separation according to Test Meth-ods D2187,Method A.Adjust backwash rate to give optimiumseparation,then let resin settle and observe interface and notedegree of cross-mixing.9.Ash Content and Metals Analysis9.1 Follow the procedure given