ASTM_D_5094_-_D_5094M_-_09_2014.pdf

Designation:D5094/D5094M09(Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Methods forGross Leakage of Liquids from Containers with Threaded orLug-Style Closures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5094/D5094M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods may demonstrate container/closureintegrity with threaded or lug-style closures by the determina-tion of gross leaks in rigid and semi-rigid containers(up to 4 L1.06 g.Such tests may be used to indicate the ability of aliquid container to survive the distribution environment with-out leaking.These test methods may not be suitable todetermine the leak resistance of containers intended for trans-port of hazardous materials.1.2 Test Methods:1.2.1 Test Method A,Shipping Container Vibration andStorage Test,covers the ability of a shipping container and itsinterior packaging to protect the contents from leakage aftertransportation induced vibration and high-temperature storage.1.2.2 Test Method B,Shipping Container Vibration andVacuum Chamber Test,is suitable for individual containers andis usually less severe than Test Method A.The advantage ofTest Method B is the shortness of the test.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4This standard does not purport to address the safetyconserns associated with its use.It is the responsibility of theuser of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD999 Test Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Con-tainersD3198 Test Method for Application and Removal Torque ofThreaded or Lug-Style ClosuresD3474 Practice for Calibration and Use of Torque MetersUsed in Packaging ApplicationsD4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-tainers and SystemsD4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers,Packages,orPackaging Components for TestingD7386 Practice for Performance Testing of Packages forSingle Parcel Delivery Systems3.Terminology3.1 General definitions for packaging are found in Termi-nology D996.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 gross leakany opening in the container or closureseal that produces visible leakage such that the container wouldnot be suitable for transport or subsequent distribution.3.2.2 leakany opening in a container which,contrary tointention,either lets contents escape or permits substances toenter.3.2.3 leakagethat which passes through a leak.4.Summary of Test Methods4.1 Method A,Shipping Container Vibration and StorageTestTest specimens are filled to their expected fill capacitywith product or liquid simulating product and the closure isapplied to the container.Closures should be applied with thesame torque as would be encountered in production.Thespecimens are packed into shipping containers and vibrated.The specimens,stored on their sides,are subjected to 40C104F(or other conditions as appropriate)for four weeks.Each specimen is examined for leakage.4.2 Method B,Container Vibration and Vacuum ChamberTestTest specimens are partially filled with product or liquidsimulating product and the closure is applied to the container.Closures should be applied with the same torque as would be1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.32 on Consumer,Pharmaceutical,Medical,and Child Resistant Packaging.Current edition approved Oct.1,2014.Published November 2014.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D5094/D5094M 09.DOI:10.1520/D5094_D5094M-09R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 encountered in production.The specimens are packed intoshipping containers and vibrated.Following vibration,theindividual specimens are removed from the shipping containerand subjected to 34 kPa 10 in.Hg vacuum for 10 min andexamined for leakage.NOTE1Other levels of vacuum,or time,or both may be appropriate.5.Significance and Use5.1 These test methods are used to indicate the integrity ofthe container and closure system in the distribution environ-ment.5.2 These test