ASTM_D_501_-_03_2009.pdf

Designation:D50103(Reapproved 2009)Standard Test Methods ofSampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D501;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the samplingand chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents.1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:SectionsCaustic Soda:Sampling5Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide(Na2O)6 8Sodium Hydroxide(NaOH)9 11Carbonate as Sodium Carbonate(Na2CO3)12Carbon Dioxide(CO2)by the Evolution Method13 16Soda Ash:Sampling17Matter Volatile at 150 to 155C18 and 19Total Alkalinity as Sodium Carbonate(Na2CO3)20 22Sodium Bicarbonate(NaHCO3)23 25Sodium Bicarbonate(NaHCO3)by Potentiometric Titration26 28Matter Insoluble in Water29 and 30Apparent Density31 and 32Modified Soda(Sequicarbonate Type):Sampling33Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide(Na2O)34 36Sodium Bicarbonate(NaHCO3)and Sodium Carbonate(Na2CO3)37 39Matter Insoluble in Water40Sodium Bicarbonate:Sampling41Sodium Bicarbonate,Sodium Carbonate,and Free Moisture42 45Matter Insoluble in Water46Sodium Metasilicate,Sodium Sesquisilicate and Sodium Orthosil-icate:Sampling47Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide(Na2O)48 50Total Silica as SiO251 53Sodium Metasilicate(Na2SiO35H2O)54Sodium Sesquisilicate(3Na2O2SiO211H2O)55Matter Insoluble in Water56 and 57Loss on Ignition of Sodium Sesquisilicate(3Na2O2SiO211H2O)58 and 59Sodium Orthosilicate(Na4SiO4)60Trisodium Phosphate:Sampling61Trisodium Phosphate(Na3PO4)Content and PhosphorusPentoxide(P2O5)62 64Trisodium Phosphate Calculated as Na3PO412H2O,Na3PO4H2O,Na3PO4,and as P2O565 68Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide(Na2O)69 71SectionsMatter Insoluble in Water72 and 73Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate:Sampling74Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate(Na4P2O7)75 79Matter Insoluble in Water80 and 81Loss on Ignition82 and 83Borax:Sampling84Total Borate and Excess Alkalinity or Acidity85 87Matter Insoluble in Water88 and 89Sodium Triphosphate:Sampling90Tritratable Na2O91 94Total P2O5:Preferred Method95 97Alternative Method98 101pH Titration102 107Quantitative Separation and Measurement of Various Phosphates:Reverse-Flow Ion-Exchange Chromatography(PreferredMethod)108 119Paper Chromatographic Method120 127pH of 1 percent Solution128Turbidity129Temperature Rise130 134Sulfate135 137Ignition Loss140 and141Matter Insoluble in Water142 144Particle Size145Orthophosphate146 1511.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Material SafetyData Sheets are available for reagents and materials.Reviewthem for hazards prior to usage.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D459 Terminology Relating to Soaps and Other Detergents1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 onSoaps and Other Detergents and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD12.12 on Analysis and Specifications of Soaps,Synthetics,Detergents and theirComponents.Current edition approved Oct.1,2009.Published December 2009.Originallyapproved in 1938.Discontinued August 2001 and reinstated as D501 03.Lastprevious edition approved in 2003 as D501 03.DOI:10.1520/D0501-03R09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With theGlass Electrode3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 inorganic alkaline detergenta water soluble inor-ganic alkali or alkaline salt having detergent properties,butcontaining no soap or synthetics.3.1.2 For definitions of other terms used in these testmethods,refer to Terminology D459.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 The term“inorganic alkaline detergent”in these testmethods is defined in accordance with Terminology D459.4.Purity of Reagents4.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where s