ASTM_D_5387_-_93_2013.pdf

Designation:D538793(Reapproved 2013)Standard Guide forElements of a Complete Data Set for Non-CohesiveSediments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5387;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers criteria for a complete sediment dataset.1.2 This guide provides guidelines for the collection ofnon-cohesive sediment alluvial data.1.3 This guide describes what parameters should be mea-sured and stored to obtain a complete sediment and hydraulicdata set that could be used to compute sediment transport usingany prominently known sediment-transport equations.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD4410 Terminology for Fluvial SedimentD4411 Guide for Sampling Fluvial Sediment in MotionD4822 Guide for Selection of Methods of Particle SizeAnalysis of Fluvial Sediments(Manual Methods)D4823 Guide for Core Sampling Submerged,Unconsoli-dated Sediments3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this guide,refer to Terminology D1129 and D4410.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 diameter,intermediate axisthe diameter of a sedi-ment particle determined by direct measurement of the axisnormal to a plane containing the longest and shortest axes.3.2.2 diameter,nominalthe diameter of a sphere of thesame volume as the given particle(1).33.2.3 diameter,sievethe size of sieve opening throughwhich a given particle of sediment will just pass.3.2.4 Dxthe diameter of the sediment particle that has xpercent of the sample less than this size(diameter is deter-mined by method of analysis;that is,sedimentation,size,nominal,etc.).3.2.4.1 DiscussionExample:D45is the diameter that has45%of the particles that have diameters finer than thespecified diameter.The percent may be by mass,volume,ornumbers and is determined from a particle size distributionanalysis.4.Summary of Guide4.1 This guide establishes criteria for a complete sedimentdata set and provides guidelines for the collection of data aboutnon-cohesive sediments.5.Significance and Use5.1 This guide describes what parameters should be mea-sured and stored to obtain a complete sediment and hydraulicdata set that could be used to compute sediment transport usingany prominently known sediment-transport equations.5.2 The criteria will address only the collection of data onnoncohesive sediment.A noncohesive sediment is one thatconsists of discrete particles and whose movement depends onthe particular properties of the particles themselves(1).Theseproperties can include particle size,shape,density,and positionon the streambed with respect to other particles.Generally,sand,gravel,cobbles,and boulders are considered to benoncohesive sediments.6.Procedure6.1 Parameters discussed here are divided into three majorcategories:sediment,hydraulic,and others.Within each ofthese categories there is a listing of the minimum parametersthat should be collected or analyzed for and some additional1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and isthe direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments,Geomorphology,and Open-Channel Flow.Current edition approved Jan.1,2013.Published January 2013.Originallyapproved in 1993.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5387 93(2007).DOI:10.1520/D5387-93R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis guide.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 parameters that,although are not critical,would add significantinformation to the data set if recorded.6.2 Sediment Parameters(Minimal):6.2.1 There are give basic sediment parameters that must becollected in order to have a complete data set.They are:concentration,bedload,bed material,particle-size distribution,and specific gravity.6.2.1.1 ConcentrationReport concentration of suspended-sediment or total-sediment samples in milligrams per litre(mg/L)or in parts per million(ppm).Collect these samples insuch a way that they represent either the point,vertical,or crosssection sampled.Follow sampling guides set forth in GuideD4411 or in Ref(2)when collecting suspended-sediment ortotal-load samples.6.2.1.2 BedloadRepor