ASTM_D_5307_-_97_2007.pdf

Designation:D 5307 97(Reapproved 2007)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forDetermination of Boiling Range Distribution of CrudePetroleum by Gas Chromatography1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5307;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boilingrange distribution of water-free crude petroleum through538C(1000F).Material boiling above 538C is reported asresidue.This test method is applicable to whole crude samples,that can be solubilized in a solvent to permit sampling bymeans of a microsyringe.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values stated in inch-pound units are for infor-mation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precau-tionary statements are given in 7.2,7.5,7.6,7.7,and 7.9.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 2892 Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum(15-Theoretical Plate Column)D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 area slice,nthe area,resulting from the integrationof the chromatographic detector signal,within a specifiedretention time interval.3.1.1.1 DiscussionIn area slice mode(see 6.2.2),peakdetection parameters are bypassed and the detector signalintegral is recorded as area slices of consecutive,fixed durationtime intervals.3.1.2 corrected area slice,nan area slice corrected forbaseline drift,by subtraction of the exactly corresponding areaslice in a previously recorded blank(nonsample)analysis;correction for signal offset may also be required.3.1.3 cumulative corrected area,nthe accumulated sumof corrected area slices from the beginning of the analysisthrough a given retention time,ignoring any nonsample area(for example,solvent).3.1.4 initial boiling point(IBP),nthe temperature(corre-sponding to the retention time)at which a cumulative correctedarea count equal to 0.5%of the theoretical total area isobtained.3.1.5 residue,RES nthe amount of sample boiling above538C(1000F).3.1.6 theoretical total area,T nthe area that would havebeen obtained if the entire sample had been eluted from thecolumn.3.1.6.1 DiscussionThis is determined in 12.3.3.2 Abbreviations:Abbreviations:3.2.1 Acommon abbreviation of hydrocarbon compounds isto designate the number of carbon atoms in the compound.Aprefix is used to indicate the carbon chain form,while asubscripted suffix denotes the number of carbon atoms(forexample,normal decane=n-C10;isotetradecane=i-C14).4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The crude oil sample is diluted with carbon disulfide,and the resulting solution is injected into a gas chromato-graphic column that separates hydrocarbons in boiling pointorder.The column temperature is raised at a reproducible,linear rate,and the area under the chromatogram is recordedthroughout the run.Boiling points are assigned to the time axisby comparison to a calibration curve obtained under the samechromatographic conditions by running a mixture ofn-paraffins of known boiling point through a temperature of538C(1000F).The amount of sample boiling above 538C isestimated by means of a second analysis of the crude oil towhich an internal standard has been added.From these data,the boiling range distribution of the water-free sample iscalculated.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.04.0H on Chromatographic Distribution Methods.Current edition approved May 1,2007.Published June 2007.Originallyapproved in 1992.Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 5307 97(2002)e1.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.5.Significance and Use5.1 The determination of the boiling range distribution is anessential requirement in crude oil assay.This information canbe used to estimate refinery yields and,along with otherinformation,to evaluate the economics of using one particularcrude as opposed to another.5.2 Results obtained by this test method are equivalent tothose obtained from Test Method D 2892.(See Appendix X1.)5.3 This test method is faster than Test Method D 2892 andcan be