ASTM_D_5117_-_17.pdf

Designation:D511717Standard Test Method forDye Penetration of Solid Fiberglass Reinforced PultrudedStock1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5117;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This dye-penetrant test method covers a means ofevaluating solid fiberglass all-roving reinforced pultruded rodor bar stock for longitudinal wicking.There are generally threemechanisms that promote wicking such as delaminations,longitudinal continuous voids,or the presence of hollow fibers.Any or all of them will be operating at a given time.NOTE1Occasionally the flaws listed above may be detected by thistest,but other tests are usually required.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system are not necessarily exact equivalents;therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other.Combin-ing values from the two systems has the potential to result innonconformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazard statements,see 10.3 and 10.6.NOTE2There is no known ISO equivalent to this test method.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD3918 Terminology Relating to Reinforced Plastic Pul-truded ProductsE456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of technical terms pertain-ing to plastics used in this test method,see Terminology D883.3.2 For definitions of terms that appear in this standardrelating to reinforced plastic pultruded products,refer toTerminology D3918.3.3 For definitions of terms that appear in this standardrelating to quality and statistics,refer to Terminology E456.3.4 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.4.1 wickingtransmission of a gas or liquid due to pres-sure differential or capillary action along fibers incorporated ina fiberglass reinforced pultruded product.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 All-roving pultruded rod stock is tested by placing thespecimen(s)on end into the dye penetrant to a specified depthand observing the wicking action as spots,or dots,on theopposite,dry face.4.2 The wicking action through the length of the specimenis due to the capillary action of the penetrant through the openpathways in the composite.These pathways are typicallyoccupied by air and are caused by continuous voids,cracks,orhollow fibers,or all three,simultaneously.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is useful for establishing the integrityof composite rod.The presence of voids,cracks,and hollowfibers are considered detrimental to the structural integrity ofthe composite and causes reduced electrical resistance andincreased current leakage.5.2 A perfect composite would be flaw-free,and therewould be no possibility of wicking.Composites of this type arevirtually nonexistent,as there will typically be entrapped air inthe resin developed during manufacturing,occasional hollowfibers,and occasional cracks due to thermal stresses.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermoset-ting Plastics.Current edition approved Dec.15,2017.Published January 2018.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D5117-09.DOI:10.1520/D5117-17.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 5.3 This test method is intended to provide a to