ASTM_D_5304_-_15.pdf

Designation:D530415Standard Test Method forAssessing Middle Distillate Fuel Storage Stability byOxygen Overpressure1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5304;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers a procedure for assessing thepotential storage stability of middle distillate fuels such asGrade No.1D and Grade No.2D diesel fuels,in accordancewith Specification D975.1.2 This test method is applicable to either freshly refinedfuels or fuels already in storage.1.3 This test method is suitable for fuels containing stabi-lizer additives as well as fuels containing no such additives.However,fuels additized with dispersant additives,includingdispersant-containing stability additives,may be ranked inac-curately using this test method compared to fuels that are notadditized with dispersant additives.1.4 Appendix X1 provides information on other suggestedtest times and temperatures for which this test method may beused.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specificwarning statements,see 4.1,6.2,6.3,and 7.4.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline(In-duction Period Method)D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers forTests Affected by Trace ContaminationE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 membrane filter,na porous article of closely con-trolled pore size through which a liquid is passed to separatematter in suspension.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 oxygen overpressure,npartial pressures of oxygenhigher than that of air at atmospheric pressure.3.2.2 potential storage stability,nthe tendency of a fuel toform insolubles under the conditions of this test method.3.2.3 reactor,nany vessel capable of sustaining pressuresand temperatures above ambient,sometimes designated pres-sure vessel.3.2.4 weighing assembly,na set of two filters and twoaluminum weighing dishes used to determine total insolublesfor each sample or blank.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A 100 mL aliquot of filtered fuel is placed in aborosilicate glass container.The container is placed in apressure vessel which has been preheated to 90 C.Thepressure vessel is pressurized with oxygen to 800 kPa(abso-lute)(100 psig)for the duration of the test.The pressure vesselis placed in a forced air oven at 90 C for 16 h.(WarningObserve all normal precautions while using oxygen underpressure and at high temperatures in the presence of combus-tible liquids.Appropriate shielding should be used for anycontainers under pressure.Pressurize and depressurize thecontainers slowly using appropriate personnel shielding.Neverattempt to open the pressure vessel while it is pressurized.Allfuel and solvent handling should be done in an appropriate1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.Current edition approved April 1,2015.Published May 2015.Originallyapproved in 1992.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D5304 11.DOI:10.1520/D5304-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 fume hood only.)After aging and cooling,the total amount offuel insoluble products is determined gravimetrically andcorrected according to blank determinations.5.Significance and Use5.1 The results of this test method are useful in ranking aspecific fuel sample against other specific fuel samples orstandards when tested under identical conditions.Specific fuelsamples containing dispersant additives,such as dispersant-containing stability additives,have shown inaccurate rankingagainst fuel samples that do not contain dispersan