ASTM_D_5057_-_17.pdf

Designation:D505717Standard Test Method forScreening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density ofWaste1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5057;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparentspecific gravity and bulk density in a waste sample.For thepurpose of this test method,the property to be measured isclassified into three groups based on material type:1.1.1 Group AFree-flowing liquids;apparent specificgravity(ASG),1.1.2 Group BGranules,powders,and water-reactiveliquids,solids,or sludges;bulk density(BD),and1.1.3 Group CBulk solids(such as gravel,paper,or wood,etc.);apparent specific gravity(ASG).1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a screeningtest to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analyti-cal techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity.This test method offers to the user the option and the ability toscreen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density whenthe more sophisticated techniques are not available and thetotal waste composition is unknown.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology D5681.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This method describes gravimetric procedures to esti-mate the specific gravity or bulk density of a waste sample.Thespecific gravity of a material is the ratio of the masses of equalvolumes of a waste and reagent water.The apparent specificgravity of materials in Groups A and C is determined bycomparing the mass of a sample to the mass of the samevolume of reagent water.The bulk density of wastes in GroupB is determined as a direct mass/volume ratio of the samplealone and should be used for determinations on water-reactivematerials.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in thewaste management industries for the determination of apparentspecific gravity and bulk density of waste.5.2 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density deter-mined by this test method can be used for the conversion ofmeasured volumes to weights.5.3 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density,whencorrelated with other properties,can be used to indicate thecharacter of the waste.6.Apparatus6.1 Weighing ContainerSpecific gravity bottle or equiva-lent container.6.2 Spatulas.6.3 Top Loader Balance,with a sensitivity of 0.01 g.7.Reagents and Materials7.1 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated,referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water as definedby Type IV of Specification D1193.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.05 onScreening Methods.Current edition approved Sept.1,2017.Published October 2017.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5057 10.DOI:10.1520/D5057-17.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 8.Weighing Container Calibration8.1 Weigh the empty container(weighing bottle or specificgravity bottle)with lid on,and record weight to the nearest0.01 g as W.8.2 Fill the container with reagent water and place lid oncontainer.8.3 Wipe off excess water and weigh the container and lid tothe nearest 0.01 g.Record weight of water-filled container as R.8.4 Empty the container and dry before filling with sample.9.Group A Free-Flowing Liquids9.1 Fill the calibrated weighing co