ASTM_D_5314_-_92_2001.pdf

Designation:D 5314 92(Reapproved 2001)Standard Guide forSoil Gas Monitoring in the Vadose Zone1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5314;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers information pertaining to a broadspectrum of practices and applications of soil atmospheresampling,including sample recovery and handling,sampleanalysis,data interpretation,and data reporting.This guide canincrease the awareness of soil gas monitoring practitionersconcerning important aspects of the behavior of the soil-water-gas-contaminant system in which this monitoring is performed,as well as inform them of the variety of available techniques ofeach aspect of the practice.Appropriate applications of soil gasmonitoring are identified,as are the purposes of the variousapplications.Emphasis is placed on soil gas contaminantdeterminations in certain application examples.1.2 This guide suggests a variety of approaches useful tosuccessfully monitor vadose zone contaminants with instruc-tions that offer direction to those who generate and use soil gasdata.1.3 This guide does not recommend a standard practice tofollow in all cases nor does it recommend definite courses ofaction.The success of any one soil gas monitoring methodol-ogy is strongly dependent upon the environment in which it isapplied.1.4 Concerns of practitioner liability or protection from orrelease from such liability,or both,are not addressed by thisguide.1.5 This guide is organized into the following sections andsubsections that address specific segments of the practice ofmonitoring soil gas:Section4Summary of Practice4.1Basic principles,including partitioning theory,migration and em-placement processes,and contaminant degradation4.7Summary Procedure5Significance and Use6Approach and Procedure6.1Sampling Methodology6.5Sample Handling and Transport6.6Analysis of Soil Gas Samples6.7Data Interpretation7Reporting1.6 This guide does not purport to set standard levels ofacceptable risk.Use of this guide for purposes of risk assess-ment is wholly the responsibility of the user.1.7 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard.The values given inparentheses are for information only.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This guide offers an organized collection of informationor a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action.This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgment.Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in allcircumstances.This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy ofa given professional service must be judged,nor should thisdocument be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects.The word“Standard”in the title of thisdocument means only that the document has been approvedthrough the ASTM consensus process.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluids2D 1356 Terminology Relating to Atmospheric Samplingand Analysis3D 1357 Practice for Planning the Sampling of the AmbientAtmosphere3D 1452 Practice for Soil Investigation and Sampling byAuger Borings2D 1605 Practices for SamplingAtmospheres forAnalysis ofGases and Vapors3D 1914 Practice for Conversion Units and Factors Relatingto Atmospheric Analysis3D 2652 Terminology Relating to Activated Carbon41This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Ground Water andVadose Zone Investigations.Current edition approved Nov.15,1992.Published January 1993.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.08.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 11.03.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 15.01.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.D 2820 Test Method for C1Through C5Hydrocarbons inthe Atmosphere by Gas Chromatography3D 3249 Practice for General Ambient Air Analyzer Proce-dures3D 3416 Test Method for Total Hydrocarbons,Methane,andCarbon Monoxide(Gas Chromatographic Method)in theAtmosphere3D 3584 Practice for Indexing Papers and Reports on Soiland Rock for Engineering Purposes2D 3614 Guide for Laboratories Engaged in Sampling andAnalysis of Atmospheres and Emissions3D 3670 Guide for Determination of Precision and Bias ofMethods of Committee D-223D 3686 Practice for Sampling Atmospheres to Col