ASTM_D_502_-_89_2016.pdf

Designation:D50289(Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forParticle Size of Soaps and Other Detergents1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D502;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particlesize of soaps and other detergents by hand sieving and machinesieving methods.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Material SafetyData Sheets are available for reagents and materials.Reviewthem for hazards prior to usage.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D460 Test Methods for Sampling and Chemical Analysis ofSoaps and Soap ProductsD501 Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis ofAlkaline DetergentsE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3.Significance and Use3.1 This test method assures that the particle size of soapsand detergents conforms to specifications having to do withdensity and packaging,among others.It also offers a means ofcontrolling the amount of potentially hazardous very lowparticle size material.4.Sieves4.1 The sieves shall conform to Specification E11.5.Sampling5.1 Sample soaps in accordance with Test Methods D460.5.2 Sample other detergents in accordance with Test Meth-ods D501.6.Procedure Using Hand-Sieving Method6.1 Use a nest of clean,dry sieves consisting of a No.12(1700-m),No.40(425-m),and a No.100(150-m)sieve.Other size sieves may be used when required by the individualspecifications.Transfer a 100 6 0.1 g well-mixed samplewithout previous drying to the top sieve.Simultaneously shakethe sieves by hand with occasional tapping of the edge of thebottom sieve on a large rubber stopper or a flat,thick piece ofrubber.When the portion of the soap passing through thebottom sieve(No.100)is less than 0.1 g/min of shaking(thiscan be well judged by sifting into a large,dark colored pan)remove the top sieve and shake separately over a clean,darkpan to be certain that no more of the residue will pass through.Place any material passing through the largest sieve on the nextsize sieve,using a small camels hair brush to remove thematerial from the catch pan.Repeat the same procedure ofsifting successively with each sieve used.Carefully weigh theportions retained on each sieve and the portion passing thesmallest sieve.6.2 Duplicate particle size determinations shall be made andthe average of the two tests used in the calculations.7.Procedure Using Machine-Sieving Method7.1 Use a nest of clean dry sieves consisting of a No.12(1700-m),No.40(425-m),and a No.100(150-m)sieve.Other size sieves may be used when required by the individualspecifications.Transfer a 100 6 0.1-g well-mixed sample,without previous drying,to the top sieve.Place the nest ofsieves in a mechanically operated sieve shaker and allow themachine to run for 10 min.Carefully weigh the portionsretained on each sieve,and the portion passing the smallestsieve.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on Soapsand Other Detergents and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D12.12 onAnalysis and Specifications of Soaps,Synthetics,Detergents and their Components.Current edition approved July 1,2016.Published August 2016.Originallyapproved in 1938 as D502 38 T.Last previous edition approved in 2009 asD502 89(2009).DOI:10.1520/D0502-89R16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.2 Duplicate particle size determinations shall be made andthe average of the two tests used in the calculations.8.Calculation8.1 Calculate the percentage of material retained on the No.12(1700-m)sieve by dividing the weight of the residue on thesieve by the original weight of the sample and multiplying by100.8.2 Calculate the percentage of the material retained on theNo.40(425-m)sieve by adding the weight of the residueretained on the No.12(1700-m)sieve to the weight of theresidue on the No.40 sieve,dividing the sum by the originalweight of the sample,and multiplying by 100.8.3 Calculate the percentage of the material retained on theNo.100(150-m)sieve by adding the weight of the residuesretained on all three sieves,dividing the sum by the