ASTM_D_4828_-_94_2016.pdf

Designation:D482894(Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Methods forPractical Washability of Organic Coatings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4828;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of therelative ease of removal of common soil and stains frominterior coatings by manual or mechanical washing with asponge and a liquid or powder cleanser.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD3450 Test Method for Washability Properties of InteriorArchitectural CoatingsD3924 Specification for Environment for Conditioning andTesting Paint,Varnish,Lacquer,and Related Materials(Withdrawn 2016)33.Summary of Test Method3.1 The test material is applied to a plastic panel andallowed to dry for 7 days or as mutually agreed.Soilants orstains,or both,are applied to the film.The film is washed forup to 100 cycles using a sponge and a liquid or powdercleanser.After rinsing and drying,the panel is evaluated for thedegree of soil or stain removal,erosion,and any change ingloss/sheen or color between the washed and unwashed area.4.Significance and Use4.1 Interior architectural paints are subjected in use tosoiling by dirt or other stains.This test method provides a wayto assess relative ease of soil or stain removal from a paint filmusing materials common to households.This test methodincludes a way to evaluate the film for washability propertiesand changes in appearance.Thus,a formulator may evaluatethe effects of composition on the washability properties of apaint.Users may also compare the ease of soil removal fromdifferent paints that are tested,preferably at the same time.5.Apparatus5.1 Sponge and Holder.5.2 Soil and Stain Applicator(see Fig.1).5.3 Weight,100 g.5.4 Balance,weighing accurately to 0.1 g.5.5 Wet Film Applicator,capable of applying a wet film of0.9 mm(3.5 mil)thick by 150 mm(6 in.)film width.5.6 Glass Plate,455 by 165 mm by 6.3 mm(1712by 612by14in.).5.7 Washability Machine.5.8 Black Plastic Panels.5.9 Masking Tape.5.10 Straightedge,approximately 430 mm(17 in.)in length.5.11 Cotton Tipped Swabs.5.12 Medicine Droppers.5.13 Suction Plate,for drawdowns.6.Reagents and Materials6.1 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated,referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water as definedby Type IV of Specification D1193.6.2 Soil and Staining MediumExamples found acceptablefor use with this test method include,but are not limited topencil,crayon,mercurochrome,ball-point pen,waterbornefelt-tip markers,lipstick and mineral-oil-borne soilant as out-lined in Test Method D3450.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 onPaint and Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and are the directresponsibility of Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.Current edition approved Dec.1,2016.Published December 2016.Originallyapproved in 1988.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4828 94(2012)1.DOI:10.1520/D4828-94R16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.3 Cleaning MediaExamples found acceptable for usewith this test method include,but are not limited to,commer-cial liquid cleansers,laboratory-standardized liquid cleaners asoutlined in Test Method D3450,and powder cleansers.Powdercleansers containing chlorine may affect the color of thewashed portion of the test panel.7.Preparation of Apparatus7.1 Washability MachineLevel the apparatus before useand operate at 37 6 1 cpm.(A cycle consists of a completeforward and reverse stroke.)7.2 Sponge and HolderAdd sufficient weight to the holderin the form of metal sheets or other flat weights to give acombined weight of 1000 g,including the dry sponge.NOTE1Check the compression of the damp sponge under the 1000-gweight to ensure that the holder does not drag along the panel and tear thefilm.8.Procedure8.1 Clean the top of the glass plate and both sides of theblack plastic panel to be sure they are free of specks.Place t