ASTM_D_4793_-_09.pdf

Designation:D479309Standard Test Method forSequential Batch Extraction of Waste with Water1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4793;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method is a procedure for the sequentialleaching of a waste containing at least five%solids to generatesolutions to be used to determine the constituents leachedunder the specified testing conditions.1.2 This test method calls for the shaking of a known weightof waste with water of a specified purity and the separation ofthe aqueous phase for analysis.The procedure is conducted tentimes in sequence on the same sample of waste and generatesten aqueous solutions.1.3 This test method is intended to describe the procedurefor performing sequential batch extractions only.It does notdescribe all types of sampling and analytical requirements thatmay be associated with its application.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D75 Practice for Sampling AggregatesD420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering Designand Construction Purposes(Withdrawn 2011)3D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water(Moisture)Content of Soil and Rock by MassD2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sampleof CoalD2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method,seeTerminology D1129.3.2 Symbols:3.2.1 Variables listed in this test method are defined in theindividual sections where they are discussed.A list of definedvariables is also given in Section 11.3.2.2 Explanation of Variables:Xt=total mean valueXa=analytical mean value(calculated using data fromanalysis of standards)Stt=total standard deviationSta=analytical standard deviationSte=estimated standard deviation due to the extractionprocedureSot=total single operator standard deviationSoa=analytical single operator standard deviationSoe=estimated single operator standard deviation due tothe extraction procedure4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method is intended as a means for obtainingsequential extracts of a waste.The extracts may be used toestimate the release of certain constituents of the waste underthe laboratory conditions described in this test method.4.2 This test method is not intended to provide extracts thatare representative of the actual leachate produced from a wastein the field or to produce extracts to be used as the sole basisof engineering design.4.3 This test method is not intended to simulate site-specificleaching conditions.It has not been demonstrated to simulateactual disposal site leaching conditions.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.04 on WasteLeaching Techniques.Current edition approved July 1,2009.Published October 2009.Originallyapproved in 1988.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4793 93(2004).DOI:10.1520/D4793-09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.4 An intent of this test method is that the final pH of eachof the extracts reflects the interaction of the extractant with thebuffering capacity of the waste.4.5 An intent of this test method is that the water extractionsreflect conditions where the waste is the dominant factor indetermining the pH of the extracts.4.6 This test method produces extracts that are amenable tothe determination of both major and minor constituents.Whenminor constituents are being determined,it is especiallyimportant that precautions are taken in sample storage andhandling to avoid possible contamination of the samples.4.7 This test method has been tested to determine itsapplicability to certain inorganic components in the waste.Thistest