ASTM_D_4716_-_D_4716M_-_22.pdf

Designation:D4716/D4716M22Standard Test Method forDetermining the(In-plane)Flow Rate per Unit Width andHydraulic Transmissivity of a Geosynthetic Using aConstant Head1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4716/D4716M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determiningthe flow rate per unit width within the manufactured plane ofgeosynthetics under varying normal compressive stresses and aconstant head.The test is intended primarily as an index testbut can be used also as a performance test when the hydraulicgradients and specimen contact surfaces are selected by theuser to model anticipated field conditions.1.2 This test method is limited to geosynthetics that allowcontinuous in-plane flow paths to occur parallel to the intendeddirection of flow.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system are not necessarily exact equivalents;therefore,toensure conformance with the standard,each system shall beused independently of the other,and values from the twosystems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and RolledErosion Control Products(RECPs)for TestingD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD4491/D4491M Test Methods for Water Permeability ofGeotextiles by PermittivityD5092/D5092M Practice for Design and Installation ofGroundwater Monitoring WellsD5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thicknessof GeosyntheticsD6574/D6574M Test Method for Determining the(In-Plane)Hydraulic Transmissivity of a Geosynthetic by RadialFlowD7361 Test Method for Accelerated Compressive Creep ofGeosynthetic Materials Based on Time-Temperature Su-perposition Using the Stepped Isothermal MethodE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 geocomposite,na product fabricated from any com-bination of geosynthetics with geotechnical materials or othersynthetics which is used in a geotechnical application.(D4439)3.1.2 geonet,na geosynthetic consisting of integrallyconnected parallel sets of ribs overlying similar sets at variousangles for planar drainage of liquids or gases.(D4439)3.1.3 geosynthetic,na planar product manufactured frompolymeric material used with soil,rock,earth,or other geo-technical engineering related material as an integral part of aman-made project,structure,or system.(D4439)3.1.4 geotechnics,nthe application of scientific methodsand engineering principles to the acquisition,interpretation,and use of knowledge of material of the earths crust to thesolution of engineering problems.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.03 on Perme-ability and Filtration.Current edition approved May 1,2022.Published June 2022.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D4716/D4716M 20.DOI:10.1520/D4716_D4716M-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.13.1.4.1 DiscussionGeotechnics embraces the fields of soilmechanics,rock mechanics,and many of the engineeringaspects of geology,geophysics,hydrology,and relatedsciences.(D4439)3.1.5 geotextile,na permeable geosynthetic comprisedsolely of textiles.(D4439)3.1.6 gravity flow,nflow in a direction parallel to theplane of a geosynthetic driven predominantly by a difference inelevation between the inlet and outflow points