ASTM_D_4809_-_13.pdf

Designation:D480913Standard Test Method forHeat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by BombCalorimeter(Precision Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4809;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the heat ofcombustion of hydrocarbon fuels.It is designed specifically foruse with aviation turbine fuels when the permissible differencebetween duplicate determinations is of the order of 0.2%.Itcan be used for a wide range of volatile and nonvolatilematerials where slightly greater differences in precision can betolerated.1.2 In order to attain this precision,strict adherence to alldetails of the procedure is essential since the error contributedby each individual measurement that affects the precision shallbe kept below 0.04%,insofar as possible.1.3 Under normal conditions,the test method is directlyapplicable to such fuels as gasolines,kerosines,Nos.1 and 2fuel oil,Nos.1-D and 2-D diesel fuel and Nos.0-GT,1-GT,and 2-GT gas turbine fuels.1.4Through the improvement of the calorimeter controlsand temperature measurements,the precision is improved overthat of Test Method D240.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.For specific warning statements,seeSection 7,10.6,A1.7.1 and Annex A3.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products(Gen-eral High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hy-drocarbon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD1018 Test Method for Hydrogen In Petroleum FractionsD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products(LampMethod)D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products byWavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in LightLiquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcou-lometryD3701 Test Method for Hydrogen Content of AviationTurbine Fuels by Low Resolution Nuclear MagneticResonance SpectrometryD4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and PetroleumProducts by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-trometryD5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur inLight Hydrocarbons,Spark Ignition Engine Fuel,DieselEngine Fuel,and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD7171 Test Method for Hydrogen Content of Middle Dis-tillate Petroleum Products by Low-Resolution PulsedNuclear Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE144 Practice for Safe Use of Oxygen Combustion BombsE200 Practice for Preparation,Standardization,and Storageof Standard and Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.05 on Properties of Fuels,Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.Current edition approved May 1,2013.Published May 2013.Originallyapproved in 1988.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D4809 09a1.DOI:10.1520/D4809-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 gross heat of combustionexpressed as megajoulesper kilogram.The gross heat of combustion at constant volumeof a liquid or solid fuel containing only the elements carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,and sulfur is the quantity of heatliberated when a unit mass of the fuel is burned in oxygen inan enclosure of constant volume,the products of combustionbeing gaseous carbon dioxide,nitrogen,sulfur dioxide,andliquid water,with the initial temperature of the fuel and theoxygen and the final temperature of the products at 25C.Gross heat of combustion(see Note 1)is represented by thesymbol Qg.3NOTE1Users of this test method desiring to calculate H for a purecompound should note that corrections must be applied to the value of Qgfor buoyancy of air,heat capacities of reaction components,reduction toa constant-pressure process,and deviations of the re