ASTM_D_4591_-_17.pdf

Designation:D459117Standard Test Method forDetermining Temperatures and Heats of Transitions ofFluoropolymers by Differential Scanning Calorimetry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4591;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method defines conditions for the use ofdifferential scanning calorimetry(DSC)with fluoropolymers.It covers the use of DSC analyses with the fluoropolymers,PTFE,PVDF,PCTFE,and PVF and their copolymers PFA,MFA,FEP,ECTFE,EFEP,VDF/HFP,VDF/TFE/HFP,VDF/CTFE.The test method is applicable to the analysis of powdersas well as samples taken from semi-finished or finishedproducts.The nature of fluoropolymers is such that specialprocedures are needed for running DSC analysis and interpret-ing the results.1.2 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTMSI-10 are to be regarded as the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1There is currently no ISO standard that duplicates this testmethod.ISO 12086-1 and ISO 12086-2 cover similar testing and referencethis test method for testing conditions.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and En-thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers byDifferential Scanning CalorimetryD4894 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion MaterialsD4895 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)Resin Produced From DispersionE473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-ologyE793 Test Method for Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystalliza-tion by Differential Scanning CalorimetryIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units(SI)(the Modern Metric System)2.2ISO Standards:3ISO 12086-1 PlasticsFluoropolymer Dispersion andMolding and Extrusion MaterialsPart 1:Designationand SpecificationISO 12086-2 PlasticsFluoropolymer Dispersion andMolding and Extrusion MaterialsPart 2:Preparation ofTest Specimen and Determination of Properties3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)a techniquein which the difference in energy inputs into a substance and areference material is measured as a function of temperature,while the substance and reference material are subjected to acontrolled increase or decrease in temperature.3.1.2 Refer to Terminology E473 for general terminologyused in this test method.3.2 Abbreviated Terms:3.2.1 Abbreviations used in this test method are in accor-dance with Terminology D1600.3.2.2 PTFEpolytetrafluoroethylene.3.2.3 PFAperfluoro(alkoxy alkane)resin.3.2.4 FEPperfluoro(ethylene-propene)copolymer.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materi-als.Current edition approved Dec.1,2017.Published January 2018.Originallyapproved in 1987.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4591-07(2012).DOI:10.1520/D4591-17.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 3.2.5 ETFEethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.3.2.6 PVDFpoly(vinylidene fluoride).3.2.7 PCTFEpolymonochlorotrifluoroethylene.3.2.8 ECTFEethylene-monochlorotrifluoroethylene co-polymer.3.2.9 EFEPethylene-perfluoroethylene-propene copoly-mer.3.2.10 VDF/HFPvin