ASTM_D_5049_-_90_scan.pdf

ASTM D5049 90 0757510 0057962 2 AMBAIOAN SOCIETV POR TETlNO AND MATERIALS 1816 R S C st.miilQllphir,pi.t o w Rapfinled from t h Annual Book d h9M Sundudr,cw&M ASTM if m3 IistwJ in lha curfont combinad i-,WHI W p O u in W mr(OdkhII.Standard Test Method for the screening S P Cyanides s r i waste This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 5049;thc numbcr immediately following the desigiiation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of lait revkion.A number in parentheso indicates the year of last nrpprovd,A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope 1.1 This test method is applicable to the screening of cyanides in waste liquids,sludges,semisolids,and solids.The following test methods are included:Sections I2 through 14 15 through 17 18 through 20 21 through 25 Test Mcthod A-ChIonimine T Test Mcthod B-Prussian Blue Tcsi Method C-Cyoiitcsmo Paper Test Method D-Gas Detector Tube 1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine cyanide concentration.This test method offers,to the user,the option and the ability to“screen”waste for potentially hazardous levels of cyanide when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all o f the safity problems associated with its use.It is the responsibility o f the user o f this standard to establish appropriate safity and health practices and determine the applicability o f regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific hmrd information is given in Section 8 and 18.5.2.Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards:D 1 193 Specification of Reagent Wate9 D 2036 Test Methods for Cyanides in Wate?E 200 Practice for Preparation,Standardization,and Storage of Standard Solutions for Chemical Analysis4 2.2 Code o f Federal Regulations:21 CFR Part 1308 3.Terminology 3.1 Description o f Term Spec$c to This Standard:3.i.1 screening method-a preliminary,qualitative,or semiquantitative test,developed from classical qualitative and quantitative techniques,that is designed to efficiently give the user specific information about a waste that will aid in determining waste identification,process compatibility,and safety in handling.I This test mctliod is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-34 on Wnste Disposal and is the direct responsibility of Subcornmitee B34.02 on Physical and Chcrnical Characterization.Currcnt edition approved March 30,1990.Published May 1990.-hi1iritii ihiuk q/,iSTM Siuntlurds,Vol I I.O.i Anniroi Buuk u f ASTM Siundurds,Vol I 1.OZ Annitul Bouk o f ASTA!Sluiidurds,Vol 15.05.Code of Federal Regulations available from the Superintendent of Dosu-ments.United States Government Printing Office,Washington,EK:20402.4,Summary of Test Methods 4.1 Test Method A,Chloramint+TMethod-The presence of cyanides can be observed when cyanides react with chloramine-T reagent at pH 8 to form cyanogen chloride.The addition of barbituric acid to cyanogen chloride gives intensive red color.This test method will indicate cyanides amenable to chlorination,4.2 Test Method BI Prussian Blue Method-The pH of a sample is adjusted.to pH 12 with NaOH and subsequently,solutions of ferrous sulfate and ferric chloride are added.By the addition of concentrated sulfuric acid in the presence of cyanides,a deep blue color(Prussian blue)is produced.This test method will indicate the presence of free cyanide and many of the complex cyanides.4.3 Test Method C.,Cyantesmo Paper Methail-A portion of the sample is acidified in a flask or test tube releasing the simple hydrogen cyanide gas from cyanides.The presence of hydrogen cyanide gas is indicated by a color change in the cyanide screening paper that is held just above the solution.This test method wili indicate dissociable,cyanide that could readily evolve hydrogen cyanide gas.4.4 Test Method O,Gas Detector Tube Method-A por-tion of the sample is acidified in a beaker to release cyanide as hydrogen cyanide gas.The gas is funneled through a detector tube creating a color stain in the tube in proportion to the concentrationeof cyanide gas in the vapor.A definite color change in the detector tube indicates a positive presence of cyanide.This test method will indicate dissociable cyanide that could readiiy evolve hydrogen cya-nide gas.5.Significance and Use 5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries to determine the presence of potentially hazardous cyanides.6.Interferences 6.1 Common interferences in the analysis for cyanide Include oxidizing agents,sulfides,aldehydes,glucose,and other sugars,high concentration of carbonate,fatty acids,thiocyanate,and other sulfur containing compounds,6.2 It is beyond the scope of these test methods to describe procedures for overcoming ail of the possible interferences that may