ASTM_D_4600_-_95_2010.pdf

Designation:D460095(Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forDetermination of Benzene-Soluble Particulate Matter inWorkplace Atmospheres1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4600;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes the sampling and gravimetricdetermination of benzene-soluble particulate matter that hasbecome airborne as a result of certain industrial processes.Thistest method can be used to determine the total weight ofbenzene-soluble materials and to provide a sample that may beused for specific and detailed analyses of the soluble compo-nents.1.2 The limit of detection is 0.05 mg/m3by sampling a 1-m3volume of air.NOTE1Other volatile organic solvents have been used for thisdetermination and whereas a less toxic solvent for this analysis might bedesirable,the substitution of a solvent other than benzene is unwise at thistime.A tremendous volume of environmental sampling data based onbenzene-soluble determinations has been accumulated over many years inseveral industries.2Some of the determinations have been used inepidemiological studies.Furthermore,the use of benzene is specified inexisting federal standards.3As a result,it appears imprudent to use adifferent solvent until the qualitative and quantitative relationship ofanalyses derived from benzene and a substitute solvent is established.With proper care,benzene can be safely used in the laboratory.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheres3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method,referto Terminology D1356.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 By the use of a personal sampling pump,air is pulledthrough a glass-fiber filter held in a sampling cassette.The filteris extracted ultrasonically with benzene.After filtration,analiquot of the total extract is evaporated to dryness and theresidue weighed.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating expo-sures to benzene-soluble particulate matter in a concentrationrange that can be related to occupational exposures.6.Interferences6.1 This test method is,by definition,free of interferences.However,this test method is nonspecific.It supplies noinformation on the composition of the soluble material.Itmeasures all those substances in the sample that are soluble inbenzene.The composition must be determined by some inde-pendent means.6.2 The greatest errors most likely to be incurred in the useof this test method are associated with the sample collection orhigh blanks from solvent and filter.Avoid contamination fromextraneous material by using high-purity solvents for the finalcleaning of all apparatus.The use of plastic containers otherthan TFE-fluorocarbon for any organic solvent is unacceptable,and the evaporation step should be conducted in a clean hood.7.Apparatus7.1 Personal Sampling Pumps,any pump capable of sam-pling at a calibration rate of about 2 L/min for 8 h.7.2 Glass-Fiber Filters,37-mm,free of organic binder,heldin a two-or three-piece polystyrene cassette having a rigidfilter support.Filters should be pre-extracted or preheated at400C for a minimum of 1 h.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on AirQuality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace AirQuality.Current edition approved Oct.1,2010.Published March 2011.Originallyapproved in 1986.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D4600-95(2005).DOI:10.1520/D4600-95R10.2“Benzene-Soluble Compounds in Air,P&CAM 217,”NIOSH Manual ofAnalytical Methods,2nd Ed.,DHEW(NIOSH)Pub.No.77-157-A,NationalInstitute of Occupational Safety and Health,Cincinnati,OH 1977.3“Appendix BIndustrial Hygiene and Medical Surveillance Guidelines,”20CFR 1910.1029 Coke Oven Emissions.4For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.3 Extraction Vessel,25-mL Erlenmeyer flask,8-dram vialor any glass container of 10 to 25-mL capacity having aTFE-fluorocarbon-lined screw cap(a 50-mL beaker is suitableif entire sample is to be used for the benzene-soluble determi-nation).7.4 Ultrasonic Bath,100 to 500 W,sufficient to disperse theparticulat