ASTM_D_5373_-_15.pdf

Designation:D577315Designation:IP 446/09Standard Test Method forCloud Point of Petroleum Products(Constant Cooling RateMethod)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5773;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method describes an alternative procedure for the determination of cloud point ofpetroleum products Test Method D2500/IP 219 using an automatic apparatus.The temperature resultsfrom this test method have been found to be equivalent to Test Method D2500/IP 219.Whenspecification requires Test Method D2500/IP 219,do not substitute this test method or any othermethod without obtaining comparative data and agreement from the specifier.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cloudpoint of petroleum products and biodiesel fuels that aretransparent in layers 40 mm in thickness by an automaticinstrument using a constant cooling rate.1.2 This test method covers the range of temperatures from60 C to+49 C with temperature resolution of 0.1 C,however,the range of temperatures included in the 1997interlaboratory cooperative test program only covered thetemperature range of 56 C to+34 C.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum ProductsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products2.2 Energy Institute Standard:3IP 219 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 biodiesel,na fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters oflong-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animalfats,designated B100.3.1.1.1 DiscussionBiodiesel is typically produced by areaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such asmethanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yieldmono-esters and glycerin.The fuel typically may contain up to14 different types of fatty acids that are chemically transformedinto fatty acid methyl esters(FAME).3.1.2 biodiesel blend,na blend of biodiesel fuel withpetroleum-based diesel fuel designated BXX,where XX is thevolume percentage of biodiesel.3.1.3 cloud point,n in petroleum products and biodieselfuels,the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallestobservable cluster of hydrocarbon crystals first occurs uponcooling under prescribed conditions.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThe cloud point occurs when the tem-perature of the specimen is low enough to cause hydrocarboncrystals to precipitate.In a homogeneous liquid,the cloud isalways noted first at the location in the specimen where the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.Current edition approved April 1,2015.Published April 2015.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5773 10.DOI:10.1520/D5773-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Energy Institute,61 New Cavendish St.,London,WIG 7AR,U.K.,http:/www.energyinst.org.uk.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 specimen temperature is the lowest.The cloud point is thetemperature at which the crystals first occur,regardless of theirlocation in the specimen,and not after extensive crystallizationhas taken place.The hydrocarbon crystals that precipitate atlower temperatures are typically,but not excluded to,straightchain hydrocarbons commonly called“wax crystals.”3.1.3.2 DiscussionThe purpose of the cloud point is tomeasure the wax crystals in the specimen;however,traceamounts of water and inorganic compounds may also bepresent.The intent of the cloud point measurement is to capturethe temperature at which the liquid fuel in the specimen beginsto change from a single liquid phase to a two-phase systemcontaining solid and liquid.It is not the intent of this testmethod to monitor the phase transition of the trace componentssuch as water.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 automatic cloud point,