ASTM_D_4618_-_92_2010e1.pdf

Designation:D461892(Reapproved 2010)1Standard Specification forDesign and Fabrication of Flue Gas Desulfurization SystemComponents for Protective Lining Application1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4618;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorial changes were made throughout in October 2010.1.Scope1.1 This specification covers the design and fabrication ofmetal components for flue gas desulfurization(FGD)equipment,including absorbers,tanks,chimney liners,duct-work and associated equipment that are to be lined forcorrosion or abrasion resistance,or both.1.2 Limitations:1.2.1 This specification is intended only to define the designconsiderations for successful application and performance ofprotective linings for FGD system components.1.2.2 It does not cover structural performance of FGDcomponents.1.2.3 It does not cover use of metallic linings.1.3 This specification represents the minimum requirementsfor lining work.In cases in which the manufacturers instruc-tions and recommendations differ from this specification,thesedifferences shall be resolved before fabrication is started.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Design/Engineering Requirements2.1 Rigidity:2.1.1 The components shall be designed so that the interiormetal surfaces are sufficiently rigid for the intended liningmaterials.Manufacturers recommendations for maximumstrains or deflection limits for the lining material shall befollowed.2.1.2 The weight of the lining system shall be considered inthe structural design of the component.2.1.3 The design shall consider the effects of pressure,wind,seismic and other design loads.2.1.4 Vibration may cause flexing or high surface strains onthe lining.This is of particular concern to rigid lining materialsand shall be minimized.2.1.5 Special consideration shall be given to all conditionsof potentially excessive strain such as unsupported bottomareas,oil-canning,out of roundness,sidewall-to-bottom joints,and so forth.2.1.5.1 Where a component is on a concrete foundation,grouting shall be done if necessary to correct unsupportedbottom areas.2.1.5.2 Sand fill shall not be used for bottom support unlessprovisions are made to ensure that the sand cannot be lost as aresult of erosion.2.2 Accessibility:2.2.1 All interior surfaces of the components shall bedesigned to be readily accessible for welding,grinding,surfacepreparation,and lining application.2.2.2 The minimum manway size for a working entranceduring lining application shall be 36 in.(900 mm)in diameteror 24 in.(600 mm)width by 36 in.(900 mm)height.2.2.2.1 Closed components shall have a minimum of twomanways,one near the top and one near the bottom,preferablylocated 180 apart to facilitate adequate ventilation for work-ers.2.2.2.2 Additional or larger openings may be required tofacilitate ventilation and material handling.The lining materialapplicator should be consulted for specific requirements.2.3 Shell Penetrations:2.3.1 Openings such as,inlets,manholes,and outlet nozzlesshall be flush with the interior wall.2.3.1.1 Inlet nozzles may extend into vessels if incomingfluids will be detrimental to lining materials.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D33 onProtective Coating and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities and is the directresponsibility of Subcommittee D33.09 on Protective Lining forAir Quality ControlSystems.Current edition approved July 1,2010.Published July 2010.Originally approvedin 1987.Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D4618 92(2003).DOI:10.1520/D4618-92R10E01.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 2.3.2 Any exterior or interior connection shall be flanged tofacilitate lining.2.3.3 The maximum length of flanged nozzles,4 in.(100mm)and greater in diameter,shall not exceed the dimensionsin Table 1.2.3.3.1 Only 4 in.(100 mm)diameter and larger nozzlesshall be used for maximum reliability of the lining system.2.3.3.2 As an alternative to lined nozzles,compatibleprefabricated,reinforced plastic,ceramic or alloy metal inserts(sleeves)may be used if they offer superior corrosion andabrasion protection.Lining shall overlap onto prefabricatedliners.2.3.3.3 If an insert is used as an alternate,the lining shallo