ASTM_D_5030_-_D_5030M_-_13a.pdf

Designation:D5030/D5030M13aStandard Test Methods forDensity of Soil and Rock in Place by the Water ReplacementMethod in a Test Pit1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5030/D5030M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 These test methods cover the determination of thein-place density of soil and rock using water to fill a lined testpit to determine the volume of the test pit.The use of the word“rock”in these test methods is used to imply that the materialbeing tested will typically contain particles larger than 3 in.75mm.1.2 These test methods are best suited for test pits with avolume between approximately 3 and 100 ft30.08 and 2.83m3.In general,the materials tested would have maximumparticle sizes over 5 in.125 mm.These test methods may beused for larger sized excavations if desirable.1.2.1 This procedure is usually performed using circularmetal templates with inside diameters of 3 ft 0.9 m or more.Other shapes or materials may be used providing they meet therequirements of these test methods and the guidelines given inAnnex A1 for the minimum volume of the test pit.1.2.2 Test Method D4914 may be used as an alternativemethod.Its use,however,is usually only practical for volumedetermination of test pits between approximately 1 and 6 ft30.03 and 0.17 m3.1.2.3 Test Method D1556 or Test Method D2167 is usuallyused to determine the volume of test holes smaller than 1 ft30.03 m3.1.3 The two procedures are described as follows:1.3.1 Procedure AIn-Place Density and Density of TotalMaterial(Section 12).1.3.2 Procedure BIn-Place Density and Density of Con-trol Fraction(Section 13).1.4 Selection of Procedure:1.4.1 Procedure A is used when the in-place density of totalmaterial is to be determined.Procedure A can also be used todetermine percent compaction or percent relative density whenthe maximum particle size present in the in-place materialbeing tested does not exceed the maximum particle sizeallowed in the laboratory compaction test(Test Methods D698,D1557,D4253,D4254,D4564,and D7382).For Test MethodsD698 and D1557 only,the density determined in the laboratorycompaction test may be corrected for larger particle sizes inaccordance with,and subject to the limitations of,PracticeD4718.1.4.2 Procedure B is used when percent compaction orpercent relative density is to be determined and the in-placematerial contains particles larger than the maximum particlesize allowed in the laboratory compaction test or when PracticeD4718 is not applicable for the laboratory compaction test.Then the material is considered to consist of two fractions,orportions.The material from the in-place density test is physi-cally divided into a control fraction and an oversize fractionbased on a designated sieve size.The density of the controlfraction is calculated and compared with the density(ies)established by the laboratory compaction test(s).1.4.3 Normally,the control fraction is the minus No.44.75-mm sieve size material for cohesive or nonfree-drainingmaterials and the minus 3-in.75-mm sieve size material forcohesionless,free-draining materials.While other sizes areused for the control fraction38,34-in.9.5,19-mm,these testmethods have been prepared using only the No.4 4.75-mmand the 3-in.75-mm sieve sizes for clarity.1.5 Any material can be tested,provided the material beingtested has sufficient cohesion or particle attraction to maintainstable sides during excavation of the test pit and throughcompletion of this test.It should also be firm enough not todeform or slough due to the minor pressures exerted in diggingthe hole and filling with water.1.6 These test methods are generally limited to material inan unsaturated condition and is not recommended for materialsthat are soft or friable(crumble easily)or in a moisturecondition such that water seeps into the excavated hole.Theaccuracy of the test may be affected for materials that deformeasily or that may undergo volume change in the excavatedhole from standing or walking near the hole during the test.1.7 UnitsThe values stated in either inch-pound units orSI units presented in brackets are to be regarded separately asstandard.The values stated in each system may not be exactequivalents;therefore each system shall be used independently1These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soiland Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special andConstruction Control Tests.Current edition approved Nov.15,2013.Published December 2013.Originallyapproved in 1989.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D5030 13.DOI:10.1520/D5030_D5030M-13A.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Con