ASTM_D_4966_-_12_2016.pdf

Designation:D496612(Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forAbrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Martindale AbrasionTester Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4966;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abra-sion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasiontester.Fabrics of all types may be tested by this method butdifficulties may arise with fabrics with a pile depth greater than0.08 in.(2 mm).1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1For other current test methods of testing the abrasionresistance of textiles refer to Test Methods D3884,D3885,D3886,D4157,D4158,and AATCC Test Method 93.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD3884 Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Rotary Platform,Double-Head Method)D3885 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Flexing and Abrasion Method)D3886 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Inflated Diaphragm Apparatus)D4157 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Oscillatory Cylinder Method)D4158 Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Uniform Abrasion)D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric TestMethods2.2 AATCC Methods and Procedures:Evaluation Procedure 1 Gray Scale for Color Change3Test Method 93 Abrasion Resistance of Fabrics:AcceleratorMethod33.Terminology3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.60,Fabric TestMethods,Specific,refer to Terminology D4850.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:abrasion,abrasion cycle,Lissajous figure,rub,standard atmo-sphere for preconditioning textiles,standard atmosphere fortesting,in textiles.3.2 For all other terms related to textiles,refer to Terminol-ogy D123.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Abrasion resistance is measured by subjecting the speci-men to rubbing motion in the form of a geometric figure,thatis,a straight line,which becomes a gradually widening ellipse,until it forms another straight line in the opposite direction andtraces the same figure again under known conditions ofpressure and abrasive action.Resistance to abrasion is evalu-ated by various means which are described in Section 11.5.Significance and Use5.1 Acceptance Testingthis test method is not consideredsatisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments offabric.The between-laboratory precision of this test method ispoor and,because of the nature of abrasion testing itself,technicians frequently fail to obtain results in agreement on thesame type of testing instrument,both within and betweenlaboratories.Although this test method is not recommended foracceptance testing,it is useful because it is used widely,especially outside the United States.5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences inreported test results when using this test method for acceptance1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods,Specific.Current edition approved July 1,2016.Published August 2016.Originallyapproved in 1989.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4966 121.DOI:10.1520/D4966-12R16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists,P.O.Box 12215,Research Triangle Park,NC 27709.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 testing of commercial shipments,the purchaser and the sup-plier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there isa statistical bias between their laboratories.Competent statis-tical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.As a minimum,the two parties should take a group of testspecimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that arefrom a lot of material of the type in question.The testspecimens then should be assigned randomly in equal numbersto each laboratory for testing.The average results from the twolaboratories should be c