ASTM_D_5111_-_12_2020.pdf

Designation:D511112(Reapproved 2020)Standard Guide forChoosing Locations and Sampling Methods to MonitorAtmospheric Deposition at Non-Urban Locations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5111;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide assists individuals or agencies in identifyingsuitable locations and choosing appropriate sampling strategiesfor monitoring atmospheric deposition at non-urban locations.It does not purport to discuss all aspects of designing atmo-spheric deposition monitoring networks.1.2 The guide is suitable for use in obtaining estimates ofthe dominant inorganic constituents and trace metals found inacidic deposition.It addresses both wet and dry deposition andincludes cloud water,fog and snow.1.3 The guide is best used to determine estimates ofatmospheric deposition in non-urban areas although many ofthe sampling methods presented can be applied to urbanenvironments.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresD1357 Practice for Planning the Sampling of the AmbientAtmosphereD3249 Practice for General Ambient Air Analyzer Proce-duresD4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for WaterSamples Containing Organic and Inorganic ConstituentsD5012 Practice for Preparation of Materials Used for theCollection and Preservation of Atmospheric Wet Deposi-tion3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this guide,refer to Terminology D1356.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 collocated sampling,nthe use of more than onesampling device within a monitoring site.3.2.2 event sampling,na special form of intermittentsampling(Terminology D1356)where the duration of a sam-pling period is defined as a single,discrete occurrence ofprecipitation,dew,fog,or frost.3.2.3 fetch,na vector within the local area which de-scribes the direction and area of,or within,an air mass that willbe sampled by a sampling device.3.2.4 filter-pack,na sampling device comprised of one ormore filters in series where each filter is designed to sample anatmospheric chemical species or remove interferences to asubsequent filter.Filters may be of different design;material;or be coated or impregnated to obtain the specificity ofchemical species required.3.2.5 inferential sampling,nan indirect sampling methodthat utilizes a mathematical model to quantify an unmeasurableor difficult to measure property of atmospheric deposition.3.2.6 local area,nan area of a few square kilometreswhich describes an area of common vegetation,land-surfaceform and land use surrounding the monitoring site and definesthe local characteristics surrounding the sampling device,seeFig.1.3.2.7 monitoring site,na radius of a few decametreswhich immediately surrounds the sampling device,see Fig.1.3.2.8 regional area,nan area between the local area and athreshold that defines where any single local area characteristiccan not be distinguished from regional characteristics,see Fig.1.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Qualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient Atmospheresand Source Emissions.Current edition approved Sept.1,2020.Published September 2020.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D5111 12.DOI:10.1520/D5111-12R20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.3.2.9 sequential sampling,nwithdrawal of a portion of theatmosphere over a period of time with continuous analysis orwith separation of the desired material continuously and in alinear form.Such a sample may be obtained with a consider-able concentration of the contaminant but it still indicatesfluctuatio