ASTM_D_4719_-_07.pdf

Designation:D471907Standard Test Methods forPrebored Pressuremeter Testing in Soils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4719;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers pressuremeter testing of soils.Apressuremeter test is an in situ stress-strain test performed onthe wall of a borehole using a cylindrical probe that isexpanded radially.To obtain viable test results,disturbance tothe borehole wall must be minimized.1.2 This test method includes the procedure for drilling theborehole,inserting the probe,and conducting pressuremetertests in both granular and cohesive soils,but does not includehigh pressure testing in rock.Knowledge of the type of soil inwhich each pressuremeter test is to be made is necessary forassessment of(1)the method of boring or probe placement,orboth,(2)the interpretation of the test data,and(3)thereasonableness of the test results.1.3 This test method does not cover the self-boringpressuremeter,for which the hole is drilled by a mechanical orjetting tool inside the hollow core of the probe.This testmethod is limited to the pressuremeter which is inserted intopredrilled boreholes or,under certain circumstances,is insertedby driving.1.4 Two alternate testing procedures are provided as fol-lows:1.4.1 Procedure AThe Equal Pressure Increment Method.1.4.2 Procedure BThe Equal Volume Increment Method.NOTE1A standard for the self-boring pressuremeter is scheduled tobe developed separately.Pressuremeter testing in rock may be standard-ized as an adjunct to this test method.NOTE2Strain-controlled tests also can be performed,whereby theprobe volume is increased at a constant rate and corresponding pressuresare measured.This method shall be applied only if special requirementsmust be met and is not covered by this test method.Strain-controlled testsmay yield different results than the procedure described in this testmethod.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.6 The method used to specify how data are collected,calculated,or recorded in this standard is not directly related tothe accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or otheruses,or both.How one applies the results obtained using thisstandard is beyond its scope.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.See Note 7.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils forGeotechnical PurposesD2113 Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling ofRock for Site ExplorationD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalData3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For common definitions of terms used in this standard,refer to Terminology D653.3.1.2 limit pressure,PlFL2,nthe pressure at which theprobe volume reaches twice the original soil cavity volume.3.1.3 pressuremeter modulus,EpFL2,nthe moduluscalculated from the slope of the pseudo-elastic portion of thecorrected pressure-volume curve experiencing little to nocreep.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soiland Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.02 on Sampling andRelated Field Testing for Soil Evaluations.Current edition approved Feb.15,2007.Published April 2007.Originallyapproved in 1987.Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D4719 00.DOI:10.1520/D4719-07.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.4 unload-reload modulus,ERFL2,nthe moduluscalculated from an unload-reload loop.3.1.4.1 DiscussionThe unload-reload modulus varies withstress,or strain level,or both,and thus,the modulus valuesshould be reported with the pressure and volume at the start ofthe unloading,at the bottom of the loop and at the crossoverpoint.3.2 Abbreviations:3.2.1 PBPprebored pressuremeter test4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A pressuremeter cavity