ASTM_D_5347_-_19a.pdf

Designation:D534719aStandard Test Method forDetermination of the Ash Content of Fats and Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5347;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ashcontent of fats and oils used in the softening and stuffing ofleather and in the manufacture of fatliquors and other softeningand stuffing compounds.This test method was derived fromTest Method D1951.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.See Section 5 for specific hazard statements.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1951 Test Method for Ash in Drying Oils and Fatty Acids(Withdrawn 2003)33.Significance and Use3.1 This test method is intended to determine the ashcontent of fats and oils used in the softening and stuffing ofleather,as well as those used in the manufacture of products forsuch purpose.The ash content of fats and oils is measured forthe purpose of quality assurance.4.Apparatus4.1 Crucible,porcelain or high-silica glass(Note 1),50-mLcapacity.NOTE1Platinum is not recommended.Boiled oils or oils contami-nated with driers containing lead may ruin platinum by alloy formation.4.2 Electric Muffle Furnace.4.3 Desiccator,containing an efficient desiccant.Anhydrouscalcium sulfate(CaSO4),phosphorus pentoxide(P2O5)orconcentrated sulfuric acid(H2SO4,sp gr 1.84)are satisfactory.(WarningSee 5.1 and 5.2 for specific hazards.)A silica geldesiccant can also be used as a safe alternative.NOTE2Magnesium perchlorate and barium perchlorate are alsoefficient desiccators and were previously listed in this section.Howeverbecause of their explosive danger,and the availability of other safermaterials,the recommendation for their use has been discontinued.4.4 Beaker,150 mL.4.5 Triangle,Nichrome or clay.5.Hazards5.1 Phosphorus Pentoxide is a strong oxidizer and reactsviolently with water,reducing agents,and organic matter.Causes burns.Avoid contact with skin or eyes,or clothing,orinhalation as dust.Refer to suppliers Safety Data Sheet.5.2 Sulfuric Acid is corrosive to skin,eyes,and mucousmembranes in the form of liquid,mist,or fumes.It causessevere burns.Take care to prevent the contact of the acid witheyes or skin,or on clothing.In making dilute solutions,alwaysadd the acid to water with care.See suppliers Safety DataSheet.6.Procedure6.1 Ignite the crucible in the muffle furnace at 550 to 650C.Cool slightly,place in a desiccator for 1 h,and weigh to 0.1mg.6.2 Fill approximately23of a beaker(150 mL)with thesample and record the weight to the nearest 0.01 g.Pour about20 g of the sample from the beaker into the crucible supportedon a triangle,using care so that no oil runs down the outside ofthe crucible or beaker.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leatherand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.08 on Fats and Oils This testmethod was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn.(Method H 27-1957).Current edition approved Sept.1,2019.Published September 2019.Originallyapproved in 1993.Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D5347 19.DOI:10.1520/D5347-19A.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 6.3 Heat gently by moving a flame on the bottom and sidesof the crucible until the oil ignites.Reduce the size of the flameuntil the heat is just sufficient to keep the sample burning.When