ASTM_D_4564_-_08e1.pdf

Designation:D4564081StandardTest Method forDensity and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the SleeveMethod1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4564;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEA typo in A1.5.1 was corrected editorially in May 2011.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the densityof soil in place by the sleeve method.1.2 The sleeve method of determining the density of soil inplace is used for cohesionless,granular soils for which othermethods of determining the density(sand cone,test pit,and thelike)may not be practical.Typically,the sleeve method isapplicable for soils that are predominantly fine gravel size,with a maximum of 5%fines,and a maximum particle size of34in.(19.0 mm).NOTE1There have been other methods developed for testing cohe-sionless soils.Compared to other methods,this procedure is convenientfor field construction control testing because smaller and lighter equip-ment is used and the test can be performed in a smaller area.1.3 A calibration equation is necessary in the application ofthis test method to obtain a reliable value of the in-placedensity of the soil(see Annex A1).The calibration equation isused to calculate the density of the soil in place from the massof dry soil per inch of test hole measured by the sleeve method.1.3.1 The calibration equation is predetermined for a par-ticular soil type that is to be tested.When the soil changessignificantly in either gradation or particle angularity,thecalibration equation may have to be adjusted or redefinedbefore the sleeve method can be used.1.3.2 There may be certain soils meeting the general de-scription in 1.2 for which a calibration equation may not beappropriate due to unsatisfactory correlation of the data.Thesleeve method would not be applicable for these soils.1.3.3 There may be certain soils meeting the description in1.2 for which the calibration equation may be applicable onlyfor a certain range of densities.The sleeve method will givereliable values of the density in place only within that range ofdensities.1.4 This test method uses inch-pound units with SI rational-ized units;that is,a combined standard.1.4.1 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4.2 The converted inch-pound units used the gravitationalsystem of units.In this system,the pound(lbf)represents a unitof force(weight),while the unit for mass is slugs.Theconverted slug unit is not given,unless dynamic(F=ma)calculations are involved.1.4.3 It is common practice in the engineering profession toconcurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass(lbm)and a unit of force(lbf).This implicitly combines two separatesystems of units;that is,the absolute system and the gravita-tional system.It is scientifically undesirable to combine the useof two separate sets of inch-pound units within a singlestandard.This standard has been written using the gravitationalsystem of units when dealing with the inch-pound system.Inthis system the pound(lbf)represents a unit of force(weight).However,the use of balances or scales recording pounds ofmass(lbm),or the recording of density in lbm/ft3should not beregarded as nonconformance with this test method.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026 unless superseded by this standard.1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected,recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as theindustry standard.In addition they are representative of thesignificant digits that generally should be retained.The proce-dures used do not consider material variation,purpose forobtaining the data,special purpose studies,or any consider-ations for the users objectives;and it is common practice toincrease or reduce significant digits or reported data to becommensurate with these considerations.It is beyond the scopeof this standard to consider significant digits used in analyticalmethods for engineering design.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special andConstruction Control Tests.Current edition approved Feb.1,2008.Published February 2008.Originallyapproved in 1986.Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D4564 02a.DOI:10.1520/D4564-08.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-29