ASTM_D_4630_-_19.pdf

Designation:D463019Standard Test Method forDetermining Transmissivity and Storage Coefficient of Low-Permeability Rocks by In Situ Measurements Using theConstant Head Injection Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4630;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers a field procedure for determin-ing the transmissivity and storativity of geological formationshaving permeabilities lower than 103m2(1 millidarcy)usingconstant head injection.1.2 The transmissivity and storativity values determined bythis test method provide a good approximation of the capacityof the zone of interest to transmit water,if the test intervals arerepresentative of the entire zone and the surrounding rock isfully water-saturated.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.Reporting of test results in units other than SI shallnot be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.NOTE1Unit ConversionsThe permeability of a formation is oftenexpressed in terms of the unit darcy(non-SI).A porous medium has apermeability of 1 Darcy when a fluid of viscosity 1 cp(1 mPas)flowsthrough it at a rate of 1 cm3/s(106m3/s)/1 cm2(104m2)cross-sectionalarea at a pressure differential of 1 atm(101.4 kPa)/1 cm(10 mm)oflength.One Darcy corresponds to 0.987 m2.For water as the flowingfluid at 20C,a hydraulic conductivity of 9.66 m/s corresponds to apermeability of 1 Darcy.Permeabilities may also be expressed asmillidarcy(md),which is not an SI unit.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated,in this standard are regarded as theindustry standard.In addition,they are representative of thesignificant digits that generally should be retained.The proce-dures used do not consider material variation,purpose forobtaining the data,special purpose studies,or any consider-ations for the users objectives;and it is common practice toincrease or reduce significant digits of reported data to becommensurate with these considerations.It is beyond the scopeof this standard to consider significant digits used in analyticalmethods for engineering design.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD5717 Guide for Design of Ground-Water Monitoring Sys-tems in Karst and Fractured-Rock Aquifers(Withdrawn2005)3D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalData3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms used in thistest standard,refer to Terminology D653.3.2 Symbols:3.2.1 Cbbulk rock compressibility(M1LT2).1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater andVadose Zone Investigations.Current edition approved Feb.1,2019.Published February 2019.Originallyapproved in 1986.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4630 96(2008),which was withdrawn March 2017 and reinstated in February 2019.DOI:10.1520/D4630-19.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Tr