ASTM_D_5074_-_90_2014.pdf

Designation:D507490(Reapproved 2014)Standard Practice forPreparation of Natural-Matrix Sediment Reference Samplesfor Major and Trace Inorganic Constituents Analysis byPartial Extraction Procedures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5074;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers uniform procedures to develop,select,collect,prepare,and use oxidized,relatively unpolluted,aquatic natural-matrix bed-sediment reference samples for thecollaborative testing of chemical methods of analysis forsediments and similar materials.Reference samples preparedusing this practice are intended for use as natural sediments,analyzable for major,minor,and trace elements,and generalphysical/organic analyses only.The samples are not designedor tested for environmental pollutants such as trace organiccompounds.1.2 Few,if any,aquatic sediment reference materials havebeen certified,defined,or are even available for developing orevaluating partial and sequential extraction procedures.Thispractice describes factors and considerations in site selection,sample characteristics,collection,and subsequent raw sampletreatment needed to prepare natural-matrix bed-material sedi-ments for use as partial or sequential extraction procedurereference test samples.The user of this practice is cautionedthat in light of the many variables that may affect naturalmaterials,neither the list of factors included for evaluation norpreparation of natural-matrix reference samples should beconsidered as all inclusive.It is the users responsibility toensure the validity and applicability of these practices forpreparing specific-matrix samples appropriate for testing theconstituents of interest and the operationally defined extractionprocedures utilized.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD3974 Practices for Extraction of Trace Elements fromSedimentsD3975 Practice for Development and Use(Preparation)ofSamples for Collaborative Testing of Methods for Analy-sis of SedimentsD3976 Practice for Preparation of Sediment Samples forChemical AnalysisE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in thispractice,refer to Terminology D1129.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 natural-matrix sedimentgranular rock or earthy ma-terial that has been naturally deposited in or by a water body,in which the finer grained material encloses or fills theinterstices between the larger grains or particles of sediment.4.Summary of Practice4.1 Natural-matrix sediment reference samples of ad-equately defined composition and homogeneity are required forevaluating the accuracy and precision of partial or sequentialsediment leachate analyses and test methods.Referencesamples should be typical in all respects to the sample forwhich the test method is applicable.Practically,this is difficultto achieve because of the heterogeneity and compositionalvariability of natural sediments.However,natural sedimentscollected from diverse sources can be used to prepare referencesamples similar or typical in many respects to the samples for1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments,Geomorphology,and Open-Channel Flow.Current edition approved Jan.1,2014.Published March 2014.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5074 90(2008).DOI:10.1520/D5074-90R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 which the test methods are to be applicable.For a minimalsediment quality assurance testing effort,and to evaluate thelinearity of test methods,reference samples should be availableto provide at least three levels of concentration for eachmeasured parameter.Mixtures of samples of known composi-tion may also be used.5.Significance and Use5.1 The objective of this practice is to provide guidelines forthe preparation of stable,representative,oxidize