ASTM_D_4957_-_18.pdf

Designation:D495718Standard Test Method forApparent Viscosity of Asphalt Emulsion Residues and Non-Newtonian Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary Viscometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4957;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes procedures primarily de-signed to determine the apparent viscosities of residues ob-tained by distilling asphalt emulsions according to Test MethodD6997.It is also recommended for use on non-Newtonianasphalts at any temperature within the capability of theapparatus.This test method is useful in characterizing rheo-logical properties of non-Newtonian asphalts as a function ofshear rate under the conditions of the test method.This test isrun in straight open-end tube viscometers,normally at 60 C,but is suitable for use at other temperatures.It is applicableover the range from 5 to 50 000 Pas.NOTE1The precision for this test method is based on determinationsmade at 60 C.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard,except in reference to viscometer constant or calibra-tion factor(K).1.3 WarningMercury has been designated by the UnitedStates Environmental ProtectionAgency(EPA)and many stateagencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervoussystem,kidney,and liver damage.Mercury or its vapor may behazardous to health and corrosive to materials.Caution shouldbe taken when handling mercury and mercury-containingproducts.See the applicable product Material Safety DataSheets(MSDS)fordetailsandtheEPAswebsite(www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm)for additional information.Users should be aware that selling mercury,mercury-containing products,or both,in your state may be prohibited bystate law.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures)shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2171 Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by VacuumCapillary ViscometerD3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving MaterialsD6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified AsphaltE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-mometersE644 Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance Ther-mometersE1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Resis-tance ThermometersE2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 apparent viscositythe determined viscosity obtainedby the test method under description.Viscosity is the resistanceto deformation or internal friction of a liquid expressed as theratio of the shear stress to shear rate,whether this ratio isconstant or not.The unit of viscosity obtained by dividing theshearing stress in N/m2by the rate of shear in reciprocalseconds is called the pascal second(Pas).The English unit ofviscosity is the poise(P)with dimensions of 0.1Ns/m2(dynes/cm2/s),and is equivalent to 0.1 Pas.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 onRheological Tests.Current edition approved Jan.15,2018.Published January 2018.Originallyapproved in 1989.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4957 08 which waswithdrawn January 2017 and reinstated in January 2018.DOI:10.1520/D4957-18.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers