ASTM_D_5000_-_05.pdf

Designation:D 5000 05An American National StandardStandard Practice forEvaluating Activity of Clay Elements Using a Side-StreamSensor1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5000;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONCalcined clay is a widely used adsorptive medium for removing polar contaminants and additivesfrom petroleum fluids.In refineries,clay is installed in large bed-type vessels to refine products suchas lubricants or aviation turbine fuel.In the field,clay is usually used in canister or bag type elementsinstalled as a bank of elements in a vessel to remove traces of contaminants,particularly fromnon-additive jet fuel immediately before delivery to an airport.1.Scope*1.1 This practice describes a field procedure to determinewhether the useful life of the clay has been exceeded in canisteror bag-type clay elements that are installed in ground filtrationunits of aviation fuel handling systems.1.2 The field procedure utilizes the apparatus of TestMethod D 3948 to periodically test a small clay capsuleinstalled in a sidestream around a clay treatment vessel thatreceives a fixed ratio of the same fuel that flows through theclay elements in the vessel.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 3948 Test Method for Determining Water SeparationCharacteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels by PortableSeparometer3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 surfactantssurface active molecular species thatexhibit both water soluble and oil soluble properties,and affectthe physical behavior at the interface between water and oilphases by forming emulsions or changing the wetting charac-teristics of solid surfaces exposed to water and oil.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 active limitthe Micro-Separometer(MSEP)ratingby Test Method D 3948 of the effluent from a clay monitor thatrepresents low surfactant content and therefore continuedactivity of the clay for adsorption.3.2.2 claya naturally occurring mineral,largely hydrousaluminum silicate,calcined at high temperature to removewater and volatile matter,used in granular form as an adsorp-tive media for removing polar compounds that are present inmany hydrocarbon fluids.3.2.3 clay treatmenta process for exposing fuels andblending components at ambient temperatures to granulatedcalcined clay in order to remove polar impurities such assurfactants.3.2.4 deactivation of clay mediaresults when adsorptivesurfaces are no longer capable of adsorbing polar species andimproving the quality of the feed stream.3.2.5 deactive limitthe MSEP rating by Test MethodD 3948 of the effluent from a clay monitor that represents highsurfactant content and therefore the deactivation of the clay foradsorption.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.J0 onAviation Fuels.Current edition approved Nov.1,2005.Published November 2005.Originallyapproved in 1989.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 500089(2005).2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.3.2.6 sidestreamflow system that parallels the main flowstream into and out of a unit,such as a vessel,holding filterelements but usually operating at a lower flow rate.4.Summary of Practice4.1 A sample of the clay from the same model element thatis installed in a clay treatment vessel is placed into a clayholder that is then mounted in a sidestream cabinet thatreceives flow from an inlet probe at a rate proportional to mainline flow.After preconditioning to ensure that flow is notbypassing the holder,it is placed on-stream to monitor the clayelements in the main vessel.4.2 The clay holder is designed to simulate the fuel resi-dence time through an industry standard clay element of 7 in.in diameter by 18 in.long with a center hole of 2 in.Theholder is designed for downward flow through clay that ispoured into the cone-shaped cavity.The diameters of the conefrustum are set to simulate the