ASTM_D_5831_-_09.pdf

Designation:D583109Standard Test Method forScreening Fuels in Soils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5831;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method is a screening procedure for determin-ing the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds insoils.If the contaminant fuel is available for calibration,theapproximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can becalculated.If the contaminant fuel type is known,but thecontaminant fuel is not available for calibration,an estimate ofthe concentration of the fuel in the soil can be determined usingaverage response factors.If the nature of the contaminant fuelis unknown,this screening test method can be used to identifythe possible presence of contamination.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterE131 Terminology Relating to Molecular SpectroscopyE169 Practices for General Techniques of Ultraviolet-VisibleQuantitative AnalysisE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance ofUltraviolet and Visible SpectrophotometersE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE925 Practice for Monitoring the Calibration of Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometers whose Spectral Bandwidthdoes not Exceed 2 nm3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this screen-ing test method,refer to Terminology E131.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Asample of soil is extracted with isopropyl alcohol,andthe extract is filtered.The ultraviolet absorbance of the extractis measured at 254 nm.If the contaminant fuel is available forcalibration,the approximate concentration of contamination iscalculated.If the contaminant fuel type is known,but thecontaminant fuel is not available for calibration,an estimate ofthe contaminant concentration is determined using averageresponse factors.If the nature of the contaminant fuel is notknown,the absorbance value is used to indicate the presence orabsence of fuel contamination.Calcium oxide is added to thesoil as a conditioning agent to minimize interferences fromhumic materials and moisture present in the soil.Particulateinterferences are removed by passing the extract through afilter.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is a screening procedure for determin-ing the presence of fuels containing aromatic compounds insoils.If the contaminant fuel is available for calibration,theapproximate concentration of the fuel in the soil can becalculated.If the fuel type is known,but the contaminant fuelis not available for calibration,an estimate of the contaminantfuel concentration can be calculated using average responsefactors.If the nature of the contaminant fuel is unknown,acontaminant concentration cannot be calculated,and the testmethod can only be used only to indicate the presence orabsence of fuel contamination.5.2 Fuels containing aromatic compounds,such as dieselfuel and gasoline,as well as other aromatic-containing hydro-carbon materials,such as crude oil,coal oil,and motor oil,canbe determined by this test method.The quantitation limit fordiesel fuel is about 75 mg/kg.Approximate quantitation limitsfor other aromatic-containing hydrocarbon materials that canbe determined by this screening test method are given in Table1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.05 onScreening Methods.Current edition approved July 1,2009.Published August 2009.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5831 03(2008).DOI:10.1520/D5831-09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 1.Quantitation limits for highly aliphatic materials,such asaviation gasoline and synthetic motor oil,are much higher thanthose for more aromatic materials,such as coal oil and dieselfuel.NOTE1The quantitation limits listed in Table 1 are approx