ASTM_D_4870_-_18.pdf

Designation:D487018Designation:375/99Standard Test Method forDetermination of Total Sediment in Residual Fuels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4870;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of totalsediment up to 0.40%m/m for distillate fuel oils containingresidual components and to 0.50%m/m in residual fuel oilshaving a maximum viscosity of 55 cSt(mm2/s)at 100 C.Some fuels can exceed the maximum filtration time specified inthis test method due to factors other than the presence ofsignificant quantities of insoluble organic or inorganic material.This test method can be used for the assessment of totalsediment after regimes of fuel pretreatment designed to accel-erate the aging process.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific warning statements,see 7.2,7.3,Annex A1,andX1.6.1.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 total sediment,nthe sum of the insoluble organicand inorganic material that is separated from the bulk of theresidual fuel oil by filtration through a Whatman GF/A filtermedium,and that is also insoluble in a predominantly paraf-finic solvent.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A weighed quantity(10 g)of the oil sample is filteredthrough the prescribed apparatus at 100 C.After solventwashing and drying the total sediment on the filter medium isweighed.The test is to be carried out in duplicate.5.Significance and Use5.1 Appreciable amounts of sediment in a residual fuel oilcan cause fouling of facilities for handling,and give problemsin burner mechanisms.Sediment can accumulate in storagetanks,on filter screens,or on burner parts,resulting inobstruction of the flow of oil from the tank to the burner.6.Apparatus6.1 Filtration Apparatus,constructed of brass,with coppersteam coils attached,suitably supported above a vacuum flaskappropriately protected against the effects of implosion.SeeFigs.1 and 2.6.2 Temperature Measuring Device,capable of measuringthe temperature in the range from 95 C to 105 C with anaccuracy of 0.5 C.6.3 Oven,electric,capable of maintaining a temperature of110 C 6 1 C.The oven should be capable of safely evapo-rating the solvent without risk of fire.6.4 Stirring Rod,glass or polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)approximately 150 mm in length and 3 mm in diameter.6.5 Beaker,glass,30 mL capacity,either squat form with lipor conical.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.14 on Stability,Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels.Current edition approved April 1,2018.Published May 2018.Originallyapproved in 1988.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D4870 09(2014).DOI:10.1520/D4870-18.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 6.6 Small Dishes,such as watch glasses or Petri dishes.6.7 Hotplate,electric.6.8 Steam Generator,to provide steam at 100 C 6 1 C.6.9 Vacuum Source,capable of providing the specifiedvacuum.6.10 Vacuum Gauge,capable of measuring the specifiedvacuum.6.11 Filter Medium,Whatman glass fiber filter medium,