ASTM_D_5781_-_D_5781M_-_13.pdf

Designation:D5781/D5781M13Standard Guide forUse of Dual-Wall Reverse-Circulation Drilling forGeoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation ofSubsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5781/D5781M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This guide covers how dual-wall reverse-circulationdrilling may be used for geoenvironmental exploration andinstallation of subsurface water-quality monitoring devices.The term reverse circulation with respect to dual-wall drillingin this guide indicates that the circulating fluid is forced downthe annular space between the double-wall drill pipe andtransports soil and rock particles to the surface through theinner pipe.NOTE1This guide does not include considerations for geotechnicalsite characterizations that are addressed in a separate guide.1.2 Dual-wall reverse-circulation for geoenvironmental ex-ploration and monitoring-device installations will often in-volve safety planning,administration,and documentation.Thisguide does not purport to specifically address exploration andsite safety.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This guide offers an organized collection of informationor a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action.This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgment.Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in allcircumstances.This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy ofa given professional service must be judged,nor should thisdocument be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects.The word“Standard”in the title of thisdocument means only that the document has been approvedthrough the ASTM consensus process.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD1452 Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling by AugerBoringsD1586 Test Method for Penetration Test(SPT)and Split-Barrel Sampling of SoilsD1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils forGeotechnical PurposesD3550 Practice for Thick Wall,Ring-Lined,Split Barrel,Drive Sampling of SoilsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD4428/D4428M Test Methods for Crosshole Seismic Test-ingD5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field EquipmentUsed at Waste SitesD5092 Practice for Design and Installation of GroundwaterMonitoring WellsD5099 Test Methods for RubberMeasurement of Process-ing Properties Using Capillary RheometryD5434 Guide for Field Logging of Subsurface Explorationsof Soil and Rock3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of general terms usedwithin this guide,refer to Terminology D653.1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater andVadose Zone Investigations.Current edition approved May 1,2013.Published June 2013.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5781 95(2006).DOI:10.1520/D5781_D5781M-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 bentonitecommon name for drilling-fluid additivesand well-construction products consisting mostly of naturally-occurring montmorillonite.Some bentonite products havechemical additives that may affect water-quality analyses.3.2.2 bentonite granules and chipsirregularly-shaped par-ticles of bentonite(free from additives)that have been driedand separated into a specific size range.3.2.3 bentonite pelletsroughly spherical-or disc-shapedunits of compressed bentonite powder(some pellet manufac-turers coat the bentonite with chemicals that