ASTM_D_5783_-_95_2012.pdf

Designation:D578395(Reapproved 2012)Standard Guide forUse of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluidfor Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation ofSubsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5783;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers how direct(straight)rotary-drillingprocedures with water-based drilling fluids may be used forgeoenvironmental exploration and installation of subsurfacewater-quality monitoring devices.NOTE1The term direct with respect to the rotary-drilling method ofthis guide indicates that a water-based drilling fluid is pumped through adrill-rod column to a rotating bit.The drilling fluid transports cuttings tothe surface through the annulus between the drill-rod column and theborehole wall.NOTE2This guide does not include considerations for geotechnicalsite characterization that are addressed in a separate guide.1.2 Direct-rotary drilling for geoenvironmental explorationand monitoring-device installations will often involve safetyplanning,administration and documentation.This standarddoes not purport to specifically address exploration and sitesafety.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This guide offers an organized collection of informationor a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action.This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgment.Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in allcircumstances.This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy ofa given professional service must be judged,nor should thisdocument be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects.The word“Standard”in the title of thisdocument means only that the document has been approvedthrough the ASTM consensus process.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD1452 Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling by AugerBoringsD1586 Test Method for Penetration Test(SPT)and Split-Barrel Sampling of SoilsD1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils forGeotechnical PurposesD2113 Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling ofRock for Site ExplorationD3550 Practice for Thick Wall,Ring-Lined,Split Barrel,Drive Sampling of SoilsD5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field EquipmentUsed at Waste SitesD5092 Practice for Design and Installation of GroundwaterMonitoring WellsD5099 Test Methods for RubberMeasurement of Process-ing Properties Using Capillary RheometryD5434 Guide for Field Logging of Subsurface Explorationsof Soil and RockD5784 Guide for Use of Hollow-Stem Augers for Geoenvi-ronmental Exploration and the Installation of SubsurfaceWater-Quality Monitoring Devices3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terminology used within this guide is in accordancewith Terminology D653.Definitions of additional terms maybe found in Terminology D653.1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater andVadose Zone Investigations.Current edition approved Sept.1,2012.Published November 2012.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5783 95(2006).DOI:10.1520/D5783-95R12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 bentonitethe common name for drilling-fluid addi-tives and well-construction products consisting mostly ofnaturally-occurring montmorillonite.Some bentonite productshave chemical additives that may affect water-quality analyses.3.2.2 bentonite granules and chipsirregularly-shaped par-ticles of bentonite(free from additives)that have been driedand separated into a specific size range.3.2.3 bentonite pelletsroughly spherical-or disc-shapedunits of compressed bentonite powder(some pellet manufac-turers coat the bentonite with chemi