ASTM_D_4682_-_13.pdf

Designation:D468213Standard Specification forMiscibility with Gasoline and Fluidity of Two-Stroke-CycleGasoline Engine Lubricants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4682;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This specification covers four categories of lubricantsintended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasolineengines based on their miscibility with gasoline and theirlow-temperature fluidity.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods described in this specification.This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD439 Specification for Automotive Gasoline(Withdrawn1990)3D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oilsand AdditivesD2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lu-bricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 fluidityoftwo-stroke-cyclegasolineenginelubricants,following industry practice,this term is used todesignate the absolute viscosity in millipascalseconds(centi-poises)of the lubricant under test.In general usage,fluidity isthe reciprocal of absolute viscosity.3.1.2 miscibilityof two-stroke-cycle gasoline enginelubricants,an inverse function of the time required for a fueland lubricant introduced into the apparatus as separate phasesto produce a single-phase mixture by agitation under controlledconditions.4.Classification4.1 The candidate oils are classified into Categories 1through 4 according to the temperature at which the tests areconducted;respectively,0 C,10 C,25 C,and 40 C.Each category has its own reference oil that is the same forboth the miscibility and fluidity tests.5.Qualification Requirements5.1 MiscibilityWhen tested in accordance with Section 6,candidate oils that mix with the gasoline in not more than110%of the number of inversions of the apparatus required tomix the reference oil,and that do not separate on standing,qualify as miscible.5.2 FluidityWhen tested in accordance with Section 7,candidate oils meet the requirements for fluidity if theirviscosity is not more than 10%higher than that of thereference oil.TEST METHODS6.Miscibility Test Method6.1 Summary of Test MethodThe candidate oil and gaso-line are placed as separate phases in a stoppered-glass cylinderand mixed by end-over-end rotation of the cylinder undercontrolled conditions at the temperature appropriate to thecategory of the oil.NOTE1This procedure specifies that the lubricant be mixed withgasoline.Some fuels in current use are partially or predominatelycomposed of oxygenated compounds such as alcohols,and some lubri-cants that mix readily with gasoline may not mix with such fuels.Avariantprocedure can be run to determine the ability of a lubricant to mix1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0.06 on Two-Stroke Cycle Gasoline.Current edition approved June 15,2013.Published July 2013.Originallyapproved in 1987.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4682 08.DOI:10.1520/D4682-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 satisfactorily with a fuel consisting partially or wholly of oxygenates.Inthis case,run the miscibility test using the candidate oil in the oxygenateor oxygenate-containing fuel against the reference oil in gasoline.6.2 Significance and Use:6.2.1 The lubricants used in two-stroke-cycle gasoline en-gines normally reach the surfaces to be lubricated as a mixturewith the fuel.This mixture can either be prepared in advance,usually in the engine fuel tank,or can be produced by themetered injection of oil into the fuel stream at some pointbefore its entry into the engine crankcase.In either case,the