ASTM_D_5835_-_95_2013.pdf

Designation:D583595(Reapproved 2013)Standard Practice forSampling Stationary Source Emissions for the AutomatedDetermination of Gas Concentrations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5835;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice2covers procedures and equipment thatwill permit,within certain limits,representative sampling forthe automated determination of gas concentrations of effluentgas streams.The application is limited to the determination ofoxygen(O2),carbon dioxide(CO2),carbon monoxide(CO),sulfur dioxide(SO2),nitric oxide(NO),nitrogen dioxide(NO2)and total oxides of nitrogen(NOx).1.2 Velocity measurements are required to determine themass flow rates of gases.This is not included in this practice.1.3 There are some combustion processes and situations thatmay limit the applicability of this practice.Where suchconditions exist,caution and competent technical judgment arerequired,especially when dealing with any of the following:1.3.1 Corrosive or highly reactive components,1.3.2 High vacuum,high pressure,or high temperature gasstreams,1.3.3 Wet flue gases,1.3.4 Fluctuations in velocity,temperature,or concentrationdue to uncontrollable variation in the process,1.3.5 Gas stratification due to the non-mixing of gasstreams,1.3.6 Measurements made using environmental controldevices,and1.3.7 Low levels of gas concentrations.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For more specificsafety precautions,refer to 5.1.4.8,5.2.1.6,and 6.2.2.1.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresD1608 Test Method for Oxides of Nitrogen in GaseousCombustion Products(Phenol-Disulfonic Acid Proce-dures)D3154 Test Method for Average Velocity in a Duct(PitotTube Method)2.2 Other Document:40 CFR Part 60,Standards of Performance for StationarySources,Appendix A,Test Methods 2,3,3a,6,6c,7,7e,and 1043.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice,refer toTerminology D1356.4.Summary of Practice4.1 This practice describes representative sampling of gasesin a duct,including both extractive and non-extractive sam-pling.In extractive sampling,these gases are conditioned toremove aerosols,particulate matter,and other interferingsubstances before being conveyed to the instruments.Innon-extractive sampling,the measurements are made in-situ;therefore,no sample conditioning except filtering is required.4.1.1 Extractive SamplingExtractive sampling includesextraction of the sample,removal of interfering materials,andmaintenance of the gas concentration throughout the samplingsystem for subsequent analysis by appropriate instrumentation(see Fig.1).4.2 Non-extractive SamplingNon-extractive samplingdoes not involve removal of a sample,and sampling is confinedto the gas stream in the stack or duct(see Figs.2 and 3).1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D22 on Air Qualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient Atmospheresand Source Emissions.Current edition approved April 1,2013.Published April 2013.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5835 95(2007).DOI:10.1520/D5835-95R13.2This practice is based on ISO 10396,“Stationary source emissionsSamplingfor the automated determination of gas concentrations,”available from InternationalOrganization for Standardization,Casa Postale 56,CH-1211,Geneva,Switzerland.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Supt.of Documents,U.S.Government Printing Office,Washington,DC 20402.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Representative Factors5.1 Nature of the Source:5.1.1 The representativeness of the determination of gas-eous concentration in enclosed gas streams depends on severalfactors:5.1.1.1 The heterogeneity of the process stream,such asvariations in concentration,temperature,or velocity across theduct caused by moisture or gas stratification,5.1.1.2 Gas leakage or air infiltration and continuous gasreactions,and5.1.1.3 Random errors due to the finite nature of the sampleand the sampling procedure adopted to obtain a representativesample.5.1.2 Representativeness may be difficult to achieve for thefollowing reasons:5.1.2.1 Nature of the source(fo