ASTM_D_5753_-_05_2010.pdf

Designation:D575305(Reapproved 2010)Standard Guide forPlanning and Conducting Borehole Geophysical Logging1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5753;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers the documentation and general pro-cedures necessary to plan and conduct a geophysical logprogram as commonly applied to geologic,engineering,groundwater,and environmental(hereafter referred to as geo-technical)investigations.It is not intended to describe thespecific or standard procedures for running each type ofgeophysical log and is limited to measurements in a singleborehole.It is anticipated that standard guides will be devel-oped for specific methods subsequent to this guide.1.2 Surface or shallow-depth nuclear gages for measuringwater content or soil density(that is,those typically thought ofas construction quality assurance devices),measurementswhile drilling(MWD),cone penetrometer tests,and loggingfor petroleum or minerals are excluded.1.3 Borehole geophysical techniques yield direct and indi-rect measurements with depth of the(1)physical and chemicalproperties of the rock matrix and fluid around the borehole,(2)fluid contained in the borehole,and(3)construction of theborehole.1.4 To obtain detailed information on operating methods,publications(for example,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,and 9)2shouldbe consulted.A limited amount of tutorial information isprovided,but other publications listed herein,including aglossary of terms and general texts on the subject,should beconsulted for more complete background information.1.5 This guide provides an overview of the following:(1)the uses of single borehole geophysical methods,(2)generallogging procedures,(3)documentation,(4)calibration,and(5)factors that can affect the quality of borehole geophysical logsand their subsequent interpretation.Log interpretation is veryimportant,but specific methods are too diverse to be describedin this guide.1.6 Logging procedures must be adapted to meet the needsof a wide range of applications and stated in general terms sothat flexibility or innovation are not suppressed.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety and liability concerns,if any,(for example,lost orlodged probes and radioactive sources3)associated with itsuse.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This guide offers an organized collection of informationor a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action.This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgment.Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in allcircumstances.This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy ofa given professional service must be judged,nor should thisdocument be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects.The word“Standard”in the title of thisdocument means only that the document has been approvedthrough the ASTM consensus process.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field EquipmentUsed at Waste SitesD5608 Practices for Decontamination of Field EquipmentUsed at Low Level Radioactive Waste Sites3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions shall be in accordance withTerminology D653.3.2 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This StandardTermsshall be in accordance with Ref(10).1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.01 on Surface and SubsurfaceCharacterization.Current edition approved May 1,2010.Published September 2010.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D575305.DOI:10.1520/D5753-05R10.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end ofthis standard.3The use of radioactive materials required for some log measurements isregulated by federal,state,and local agencies.Specific requirements and restrictionsmust be addressed prior to their use.4For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.Summary of Guide4.1 This guide applies to borehole geophysical techniquesthat are commonly used in geotechnical investigations.Thisguide briefly describes the significance and use,apparatus,cali